2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B 铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如高改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和符题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.
Essays(60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this cour:Essay1=10%;Essay 2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.
Group Assignments(30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业)during the cour.All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard,our online learning and cour management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework(10%)
国庆多少周年Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class'lecture/discussion,so it is important to take careful notes during class.Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home,both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lo a letter grade for each class period it is late.If it is not turned in by the4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero.Daily assignments not completed during class will get
a zero.Short writings misd as a result of an excud abnce will be accepted.
1.Where is this text probably taken from?
A.A textbook.
B.An exam paper.
台灯英文C.A cour plan.
D.An academic article.
2.How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of?
A.Two.
B.Three.
C.Four.
D.Five.
3.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A.You will receive a zero.
B.You will lo a letter grade.
C.You will be given a test.
D.You will have to rewrite it.
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature(文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this cour(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays(60%)”、“Group Assignments(30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework(10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the4th day after the due date,it will earn a zero. (如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。
B
Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.
I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days pasd,the arugula went bad.Even wor,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly800million people a year go hungry,“food waste goes against the moral grain,”as
Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story.It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away —from“ugly”(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of unea
ten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources ud to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhou gas in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand,let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin es my arugula story all the time—but for him,it's more like12bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than807,500pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that otherwi would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for u in meals down the road.
Such methods em obvious,yet so often we just don’t think.“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,”Curtin says.
4.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?
英雄联盟德莱文A.We pay little attention to food waste.
B.We waste food unintentionally at times.
C.We waste more vegetables than meat.
D.We have good reasons for wasting food.
5.What is a conquence of food waste according to the test?
A.Moral decline.
B.Environmental harm.
C.Energy shortage.
D.Worldwide starvation.
纱面6.What does Curtin’s company do?
A.It produces kitchen equipment.
B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C.It helps local farmers grow fruits.
D.It makes meals out of unwanted food.
7.What does Curtin suggest people do?
A.Buy only what is needed.
B.Reduce food consumption.
C.Go shopping once a week.
D.Eat in restaurants less often.
【答案】4.B 5.B 6.D7.A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
【4题详解】
小气球
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days pasd,the arugula went bad.Even wor,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other,resources ud to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhou gas in the world.”(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物
的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”)”可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington.D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than807,500pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce,that otherwi would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for u in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选D。【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,”Curtin says.(“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷说)”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选A。
C
The elderly residents(居民)in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织)to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing,It is also being ud to help patients suffering dementia,a rious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the u of medicine where hens are in u.
Among tho taking part in the project is80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said:“I ud to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to e they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to e the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.I’m enjoying the creative activities,and it feels great to have done something uful.”
There are now700elderly people looking after hens in20care homes in the North East,and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at60Penfold Street,one of the first to embark on the project,said:“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative ssions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis,director of Notting Hill Pathways,said:“We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
8.What is the purpo of the project?
A.To ensure harmony in care homes.
B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
炒面图片真实
C.To rai money for medical rearch.
D.To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
9.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?
A.She has learned new life skills.
B.She has gained a n of achievement.
C.She has recovered her memory.
D.She has developed a strong personality.
10.What do the underlined words“embark on”mean in paragraph7?
A.Improve.
B.Oppo.
出乎意料C.Begin.
事业单位自我介绍D.Evaluate.
