中考阅读完形高频词汇详解
1.thought n. 思想;思考;想法;关心
v. 想,思考;认为(think的过去式和过去分词)
【例句】They were quite surprid and all reached the hall holding various thoughts.
【翻译】他们非常吃惊,怀着各种想法来到大厅。
【解析】thought 一般用于两种情况.。第一种为动词think的过去式/过去分词,例如:He thought they needed to know the direction to it. (他双鱼和双子认为它们还需要知道到那里去的方向。)第二种用法作名词,译为思想、想法。例句中即为此用法。
2.carefully adv. 小心地
【例句】Then they were asked to write their names on their respective(各自的)balloons carefully.
【翻译】然后,他们被要求在各自的气球上小心地写上名字。
【解析】carefully是care的派生词,care的其他派生词也是高频词汇,需要考生记忆。
careful adj. 仔细的,小心的 例句:We have to be careful with fire.(但我们用火时,我们应该小心。)
careless adj. 粗心的;无忧无虑的;淡漠的 例句:The boy was so careless that he knocked into a tree. (这个男孩如此粗心以至于撞到了一棵树上。)
carelessly adv. 粗心地;不注意地;无忧无虑地 例句:The boy carelessly put the 细胞内部之旅cup on the edge of the table and it fell off.(保密码这个男孩粗心地把杯子放在桌子边沿上,结果杯子掉到了地上)
3.solution n. 解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答
【例句】Many times in our life,sharing and helping others give us real solutions to problems.
【翻译】在我们的生活中,很多时候,分享和帮助他人给了我们真正的解决方案。
【解析】solution为solve的名词形式。
solve vt. 解决;解答;溶解。solve problems “解决问题”同样是重点短语。
4.information n. 信息,资料;知识;情报
【例句】I arch information and practice English listening and speaking with their help.
【翻译】在它们的帮助下,我可以搜索信息,并且练习英语听力和口语。
【解析】information的动词形式为inform。
inform vt. 通知;告诉;报告。例句: How do I inform them of my arrival time?(我要怎么通知他们我到达的时间呢?)
5.suggest vt. 提议,建议;启发;使人想起;显示;暗示
【例句】Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain.
【翻译】我们的研究表明, 在生命早期暴露在绿色空间可能导致有益于大脑的结构性变化。
【解析】suggest常见意思为“建议“,但是在本句中译为 “表明”。它的名词形式为suggestion,也是完形填空中的高频词汇。
suggestion n. 建议;示意;微量,细微的迹象 例句:Do you have any suggestion?(您有什么建议吗?。)
6.improvement n. 改进,改善;提高
【例句】Self﹣improvement may not be everybody's favorite word,but if we look at things in a different way, we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved.
【翻译】自我提高可能不是每个人都喜欢的词,但是如果我们以不同的方式看待事物,我们可能会有更大的机会享受整个过程,而不是数着日子,直到我们完全改善。
【解析】improve 为其动词形式。 vt. 改善,增进;提高…的价值
What do you think we should do to improve our environment?
你认为要改善我们的环镜我们应该做些什么?
7.disappear vi. 消失;失踪;不复存在
何炅有孩子吗
【例句】When the calves' mothers were older and more experienced at raising babies, this beneficial “grandmother effect” disappeared even if the actual grandmothers were still around.
【翻译】当小牛犊的母亲年纪大一些,在抚养孩子方面更有经验时,这种有益的“外婆效应”就消失了,即使真正的外婆还在身边。
【解析】注意记忆与disappear相关的词汇
appear vi. 出现;显得;似乎;出庭;登场
The Telegraph brand will appear on some products but not all.
《每日电讯报》的品牌将出现在某些产品上,但并非全部产品。
appearance n. 外貌,外观;出现,露面
You should not remark on 档案挂靠her appearance. 你不应该评论她的外貌。
disappearance n. 消失;不见 This principle also explains the disappearance of sound.
这一原则同样适用于声音的消失。
8.consider vt. 考虑;认为;考虑到;细想
【例句】It's even more difficult for policy makers and school officials to channel funds (资金) towards class like drama, when the skills arts subjects develop are considered 虚若怀谷“soft skills.”
【翻译】对于政策制定者和学校官员来说,更难将资金用于戏剧类课程,因为艺术类课程的发展被认为是“软技能”。
9.ruin v. 破坏,糟蹋;毁灭,
【例句】But the basketball hoop in their neighborhood park had been ruined by a fallen tree.
【翻译】但是他们附近公园的篮球圈被一棵倒下的树给毁了。
【解析】注意同义词辨析。
destroy 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”、“毁坏”,程度较深。例如:
The earthquake destroyed almost the entire city.那次地震几乎毁灭了整个城市。
ruin 也是指严重的以至于不能修复的“破坏”,但这种破坏不指毁灭某物,而是指长期损坏的结果。它也可用来表示抽象概念。
damage 是程度较小的“破坏”、“损坏”,一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。例如:
The storm damaged veral hous in the village.暴风雨损坏了这个村子的几间房子。
10.influence n. 影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事
vt. 影响;改变
【例句】They aimed at learning the influence of human's activities on the environment by studying the garbage.
【翻译】他们旨在通过研究垃圾来了解人类活动对环境的影响。
【解析】influence 还常用于动词。We influence each other, grow together. 我们相互影响,一起成长。
11.surpri n. 惊奇,诧异;突然袭击
vt. 使惊奇;奇袭
【例句】Alia was surprid by her structure (构图) and lf-control involved in drawing a portrait.
【翻译】艾莉亚对她的结构图和画肖像时的自控能力感到惊讶。智能化工程
【解析】surpri 作名词时常译为“惊奇,惊喜”,例句:To my surpri, he plays football very well. 使我惊奇的是,他足球踢得很好。
surpri作动词时常译为“使惊奇”,例句:Tell them what to do and they will surpri you with their ingenuity. 告诉他们要做什么,他们会用他们的创造力来震撼你。
surprid adj. 感到惊讶的,出人意料的,例句中即为形容词用法
12.frighten vt. 使惊吓;吓唬…
【例句】We often believe that someone or rather, most people are better than us - when in actual, the fact is, most people are more frightened than us.
【翻译】我们经常相信有人或者更确切地说,大多数人都比我们好——事实上,大多数人比我们更害怕。
【解析】frighten 作动词常译为“使惊吓”,例句:Did the noi frighten 金鸡叫天都you? 那声音使你害怕吗?
frightened adj. 害怕的;受惊的;受恐吓的,例句中即为此用法。