IV STARTUP/SHUTDOWN GUIDELINES
第四章开／停工指南
The purpo of this ction is to provide a basic understanding of the general steps taken in startup and shutdown of an alkylation unit.涮火锅的食材有哪些
本章主要介绍烷基化装置开停工的一般步骤。
The following are general recommended startup and shutdown guidelines for a STRATCO®Effluent Refrigerated Sulfuric Acid Alkylation. The final startup and shutdown guidelines will vary depending on different refineries’ alkylation unit layouts and operating practices. No attempt is made here to describe the opening or closing quence of each valve or the exact flow rate of medium through each line. Sufficient description is given to demonstrate the general startup and shutdown of the major equipment only.
下面为STRATCO®流出物致冷硫酸法烷基化装置的推荐开停工方案，不同装置的最终开停工方案须根据不同炼厂烷基化装置的实际设计和操作状况制定。此处并不具体描述每条管线的阀门开关顺序以及介质流率，仅对主要设备的一般开停工步骤进行充分说明。
Startup Guidelines 开工指南
In the following startup procedures, it is assumed that the alkylation unit has been made ready for the introduction of hydrocarbon, i.e., all equipment and piping are air-free and all utilities have been commissioned.
下述步骤基于以下条件：装置已经具备引烃条件，即设备、管线赶空气完毕、公用工程满足开工要求。
1.Alkylate/Isobutane Filling and Circulation
系统充填烷基化油和异丁烷、建立循环
年文化的资料a.Fill the debutanizer bottoms with alkylate from storage. (Light naphtha is recommended if no
alkylate is available, but make sure the light naphtha contains no more than 5 LV% non-paraffinic material.)
从罐区引烷基化油进脱正丁烷塔底（无烷基化汽油时推荐使用轻石脑油，但必须确保其中的非饱和烃含量不超过5％(v)
b.Once a level has been established in the debutanizer, nd alkylate to the suction trap/flash drum
via the alkylate startup line. Fill to a level of about 50%.
脱正丁烷塔底液面建立后，通过开工循环线引烷基化油进入闪蒸罐，至液面50％。趾高气扬的拼音
c.Feed isobutane to the deisobutanizer (DIB) via the butane feed from storage line. Once the DIB
bottoms level begins to increa, commission the DIB reboiler. Olefin free isobutane can also be fed to the front end of the unit from the hydrocracker.
从罐区通过正丁烷进料线引异丁烷到脱异丁烷塔底，液面上升后投用塔底再沸器。不含烯烃的异丁烷可以从加氢裂化装置引到装置前备用。
d.Put the DIB on total reflux.
投用脱异丁烷塔，进行全回流操作。
e.When the DIB bottoms level begins to increa, commission the debutanizer reboiler.
脱异丁烷塔底液面上升后，投用脱正丁烷塔底再沸器。
大树妈妈教案
f.Put the debutanizer on total reflux initially and begin to produce normal butane when the level in
the debutanizer accumulator increas.
脱正丁烷塔先进行全回流操作，塔顶回流罐液面上升后可以外送部分正丁烷。
g.Line up the debutanizer bottoms to the suction trap/flash drum via the alkylate startup line.
通过烷基化油开工线从脱正丁烷塔底引烷基化油到闪蒸罐。
h.Once the DIB overhead composition is above 70% iC4 and the operation has stabilized, line up
flow of recycle isobutane to the shell side of the feed/effluent exchangers and fill the exchangers and the feed coalescer with recycle isobutane.
脱异丁烷塔顶产品异丁烷含量超过70％且操作稳定后，引循环异丁烷到进料／流出物换热器壳程，灌满换热器和进料脱水聚结器。
自豪的建设者
i.Fill the feed coalescer with DIB overhead after filling the feed/effluent exchanger.
进料／流出物换热器充满异丁烷后，引异丁烷充满进料聚结脱水器。
Figure IV-1 Alkylate Filling 图4.1 开工装烷基化油流程
j. Fill the Contactor reactor/acid ttler systems with isobutane (DIB overhead) as follows: 反应器、酸沉降器系统充填异丁烷，步骤如下：
1) Make sure the 12" Contactor reactor emulsion outlet valves to the acid ttler and the 10" acid
recycle valves are all open. Start isobutane flow to the first Contactor reactor.
确保12英寸反应器乳化液去酸沉降器管线阀门和10英寸硫酸循环线阀门全开，向第一反应器引异丁烷。
2) Place the acid ttler back pressure control valve in automatic at a t pressure of 4.2 kg/cm2G.
将酸沉降器背压控制阀投自动，压力设定4.2kg/cm2(G)。
3) Once the acid ttler is liquid full, isobutane will overflow to the suction trap/flash drum.
酸沉降器充满异丁烷后，异丁烷将会溢流到闪蒸罐。
4) Repeat steps 1 to 3 for the other Contactor reactor/acid ttler systems.
家有保姆
重复上述1）～3），将第二反应器、酸沉降器充满异丁烷。
Figure IV-2 Isobutane Inventory 图4.2 开工装异丁烷流程
k..Once the final Contactor reactor/acid ttler system has been filled, isobutane can be fed to all systems in parallel. The isobutane will be pressured into the suction trap previously filled with alkylate. Allow the level in the suction trap to increa and overflow the baffle to the flash drum side of the suction trap/flash drum. When there is a level of isobutane on the flash drum side, start the net effluent pump.
第二反应器、酸沉降器充满异丁烷后，异丁烷就可以平行的引入整个系统。
异丁烷将会被压入已经注入烷基化油的闪蒸罐，压缩机吸入口一侧液面逐渐上升，漫过挡板，进入闪蒸侧。闪蒸罐闪蒸侧异丁烷见液面后，启动流出物泵。
l.. Fill the tube side of the feed/effluent exchanger with the isobutane/alkylate mixture from the suction trap.
将来自闪蒸罐的异丁烷、烷基化油混合物引入进料／流出物换热器管程，充满换热器。m.Fill the acid wash coalescer and let it overflow to the alkaline water wash drum.
引异丁烷、烷基化油混合物充满酸洗聚结器并溢流到流出物碱洗罐。
n.. Fill the alkaline water wash drum with isobutane/alkylate.
引异丁烷、烷基化油混合物充满流出物碱洗罐。记忆的过程
o. Fill the net effluent water wash coalescer with isobutane/alkylate.
引异丁烷、烷基化油混合物充满流出物水洗罐。
p. Send isobutane/alkylate to the deisobutanizer.
将异丁烷、烷基化油混合物引入脱异丁烷塔。
q.. Set up alkylate and isobutane circulation as shown in Figure IV-3.
如图3所示，启动烷基化油、异丁烷循环。
1) Isobutane circulation should be established through the following circuit:
异丁烷循环建立如下：
a) Deisobutanizer overhead to the suction trap/flash drum via the Contactor reactor/acid
ttler systems.
自脱异丁烷塔顶引异丁烷经过反应器、酸沉降器到闪蒸罐。
b) Suction trap/flash drum to the deisobutanizer via the net effluent pump, acid wash
coalescer, alkaline water wash drum, and net effluent water wash coalescer. (This stream
will be a mixture of isobutane and alkylate.)
自闪蒸罐引异丁烷经过流出物泵、酸洗聚结器、流出物碱洗罐、流出物水洗罐到脱
异丁塔（此处物流为异丁烷、烷基化油混合物）。
2) Alkylate circulation should be established through the following circuit:
烷基化油循环建立如下：
a) Debutanizer bottoms to the suction trap/flash drum via the alkylate startup line.警告标志大全
自脱丁烷塔底经过开工引油线引烷基化油到闪蒸罐。
b) Suction trap/flash drum to the deisobutanizer via the net effluent pump, acid wash
coalescer, alkaline water wash drum, and net effluent water wash coalescer. (This stream
will be a mixture of isobutane and alkylate.)
自闪蒸罐引烷基化油经过流出物泵、酸洗聚结器、流出物碱洗罐、流出物水洗罐到
脱异丁烷塔（此处物流为异丁烷、烷基化油混合物）。
c) Deisobutanizer bottoms to the debutanizer.
自脱异丁烷塔底引异丁烷、烷基化油混合物到脱正丁烷塔。
