The Resource Management Act 资源管理法案
The Resource Management Act reflects New Zealander’s environmental awareness. Under the Act, laws governing land,air and water resources are combined together to ensure the sustainable management of natural resources. It focus on the effects of human activities on the whole environment as well. The Act came into force in 1991. With it , New Zealand leads the world in environmental legislation.
资源管理法案反映了新西兰人的环保意识。根据该法案，法律将土地，空气和水资源结合在一起管理，以确保自然资源的可持续管理。它侧重于人类活动对整个环境的影响。该法案于1991生效。有了它，新西兰在环境立法方面领先世界。
Maoritanga 毛利文化
Maoritanga is the Maori word for “ Maori culture. It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their languages, customs and traditions.
毛利文化是毛利语中的“毛利文化。它是指在新西兰土著居民丰富的文化遗产中的所有元素，包括他们的语言，习俗和传统。
解魔方的口诀
MMPR 混合成员比例代表制
MMPR stands for Mixed Member Proportional Reprentation. Under this new election system, each voter has two votes, the first one for a candidate in their electorate, the cond for a political party. The cond vote, when counted nation-wide, decides the number of ats each party will take in Parliament.
MMPR代表混合成员比例代表制。在这种新的选举制度下，每一个选民都有两张选票，第一张是投给选民的候选人，第二个是投给政党的候选人。当第二次投票在全国范围内举行时，将决定各个党派在议会中所占的席数。
The Ombudsman申述专员
The Ombudsman is appointed by Parliament. His responsibilities are to investigate people’s complaints against government departments and local authorities and to make sure that appropriate official information is freely
available in accordance to the Official Information Act. There are Chief Ombudsman and specialist ombudsman in various fields.
申诉专员是由议会任命的。他的职责是调查人们对政府部门和地方当局的投诉，并确保根据官方信息法适当的提供免费的官方信息。在各个领域都有首席监察官和专家申诉专员。
Puritanism清教主义
Puritans were tho who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God’s chon people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people. The sign of being God’s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish a direct contact with God. The beliefs had great impact on American culture.
清教徒是那些遵循加尔文的学说，想净化英国教会的人。他们认为，人类的命运在出生前就被上帝决定了。有些是被上帝所选择的人，而其他人是注定要去地狱的。没有教堂也没有好的办法可以拯救人们。（一个人）被上帝选中的标志是他在工作上的成功，或是他事业的繁荣。他们还认为，每个人都必须阅读圣经，以了解上帝的意愿，并建立一个与上帝的直接联系。这些信仰对美国文化产生了巨大的影响。
The Declaration of Independence 独立宣言吃不胖的人如何增肥
The Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 4,1776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were
equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of government: the power of governments came from connt of the governed and the purpo of governments were to cure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.
独立宣言主要由杰佛逊托马斯起草，并于1776年7月4日在国会通过。
北美13个英国殖民地的人民为了他们的自由和独立于英国的殖民统治而奋起反抗。该文件宣称所有人都是平等的，他们都有不可剥夺的权利，如生命、自由和对幸福的追求。它也解释了政府的生活信条：政府的权力由被统治者授予，政府的目的是确保上述所提到的权利。政治理论和美国独立战争的指导原理主要来自约翰洛克。
The Articles of Confederation 联邦条例
狐狸爸爸After the War of Independence was won, the new nation of the United States was organized under the agreement of the Articles of Confederation with a weak national government called the Congress. Each state had its own government, made its own laws and handled its internal affairs. The states did not cooperate with the Congress and with each other. The Congress had no power to force any state to contribute money to the national government and the Congress could not tax any citizen either. As a result, the Articles of Confederation failed.
美味斋
当独立战争胜利后，新的美国是在联邦条例下由一个不中用的国民政
府--国会所组织的。每个州都有它自己的政府，有它自己的法律以及自行处理各自的内部事务。各州都不和国会以及其他州合作。国会没有权利去要求任何一个州为国民政府捐款，也没有向公民征税的权利。所以，联邦条例最后失败了。
The Bill of Rights 权利法案
康有为死因The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. The Bill of Rights was pasd to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech , the right to asmble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.
权利法案是由10条修正案组成的，于1791年添加进宪法中。权利法案是为了保障人们的自由及个人权利，例如言论自由权，公开集会权，拥有武器等权利。
Corporation 公司
Is a form of business organization. Compared with the sole proprietorship and the partnership, the corporation may survive the death of its founder or founders. Becau it could draw on a pool of investors, it is a much more efficient tool for raising the large amounts of capital needed by expending business. And it enjoys limited liability, so investors only risk the amount of their investment and not their entire asts.
是一种商业组织形式。与独资企业和合营企业相比，公司可以使其创始人幸免于难。因为它可以吸引众多的投资者，这是公司扩张所需要的增加大量资金的有效的工具。它享有有限的责任，所以投资者只需承担他们所投资的金额，而不是他们的整个资产。
Agribusiness农业综合企业
Becau American agriculture is a big business, people coined the term “agribusiness” to reflect the large-scale nature of agriculture enterpris in the modern US economy. The term covers the entire
complex of farm-related business, from the individual farmer to the multinational maker of farm chemicals. It also includes farmer cooperatives, rural banks, shippers of farm products commodity dealers, firms that manufacture farm equipment , food-processing industries, grocery chains and many other business.
韭菜籽的功效
因为美国的农业是一个巨大的行业，人们创造了“农业综合企业”这个术语来反映现代美国经济中大规模的农业企业的性质。这个术语涵盖了与农场相关的复杂的企业，从个体农民到农用化学品的跨国公司。它还包括农民合作社，农村银行，农产品经销商，制造农场设备的公司，食品加工行业，食品杂货连锁店及许多其他的企业。
Religious liberty in the US 宗教自由
The Declaration of Independence guaranteed the basic right of religious freedom and this right was a political necessity. The First Amendment to the
US Constitution explicitly forbade the federal government to give special favors to any religion or to hinder the free practice, or exerci, of religion. When disputes about the relationship between government and religion ari, American courts must ttle them. But American institutions presuppo a Supreme Being, therefore Christianity is often , more favored than other religions.
圣经未来
独立宣言保证了宗教自由的基本权利，而这一权利在政治上是必要的。美国宪法第一修正案明确禁止联邦政府给予任何宗教特殊照顾或阻碍其自由运动。当政府和宗教之间的关系发生争议时，美国法院必须解决他们的问题。美国的社会风俗习惯都是以上帝的存在为前提的，因此，基督教往往比其他宗教更受青睐。
Three faiths in the US 美国三大宗教
By the 1950s, the three faiths model of American religion had developed. Americans were considered to come in three basic varieties: Protestant, Catholic and Jewish. In terms of numbers, the Protestants are the strongest, the Catholics are next to the Protestants and Jewish are the smallest among the three groups.
到20世纪50年代，美国宗教的三种信仰模式得到了发展。美国人认为有三大类：新教、天主教和犹太教。就数量上而言，信教是最大的，第二是天主教，犹太教是最小的。
Transcendentalists先验论者
In his book Nature, Emerson claimed that by studying and responding to nature, individuals could reach a higher spiritual state without formal religion. A circle of intellectuals who were discontented w
经营目标ith the New England establishment gathered around Emerson. They accepted Emerson’s theories about spiritual transcendence. They are known as Transcendentalists.
在他的《自然》一书中，艾默生称通过对自然的研究和响应，没有正式宗教人们也可以达到更高的精神境界。在艾默生身边有这样一群不满于新英格兰建立的人，他们接受艾默生的“精神的超自然性”的理论，这些人被称之为先验论者。
