《英文新闻写作》考试复习资料
Journalism Glossary
四、名词解释（共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分。）
Agenda-tting: a theory of mass communication suggesting news media influence audiences through the choice of stories to cover and space or time given them; thus, media determine which issues people should think about.
水果节
Anchors: newscasters who host news broadcasts.
Body: the main part or central information of a news story following the lead.
By-line: A line at the beginning of some writing in a newspaper or magazine giving the writer’s name.
Citizen journalist: the rapid ri of Internet technology, in particular blogging, tweeting and social networking, have empowered persons without professional training to function someti
mes as journalists feeding information to mass media. The practitioners now are known as a distinct category -- citizen journalists.
Column: an article in which a writer or columnist gives an opinion on a topic Dateline refers to the city from which a news story originates. It usually comes right at the start of the story.
柏拉图Editor: the person who "edits" a story by revising and polishing; the person who job is to approve copy when it comes in and to make decisions about what is published in a newspaper or magazine.
Editorial: an article expressing a newspaper or magazine owner's or editor's position on an issue.
Feature writing: journalistic writing covering people, places and events in greater depth and with less timeliness than an immediate hard news story.
Gatekeepers: people who determine what will be printed, broadcast, produced, or consu
med in the mass media.
Hard news: immediate factual accounts of important events, often appearing first online, in a broadcast or in a newspaper.
Headline: the "title" of a newspaper or magazine story.
In-depth: a news story that is comprehensive, thorough and detailed.
Inverted pyramid: the structure of a news story which places the important facts at the beginning and less important facts and details at the end, enabling the editor to cut bottom portion of the story if space is required.
Journalistic ethics: generally accepted principles of right and wrong and good standards and practices applicable to professional journalists.
Layout editor: the person who begins the layout plan, considering things like placement and amount of space allotted to news and advertising copy, graphics, photos, and symbols
细胞生物
Lead: the first ntence or first few ntences of a story
Managing editor: the person who co-ordinates all news departments by collecting all copy and ensuring that all instructions for printer or typist are clear and consistent; the person who meets and consults with the staff to make a plan
五、简答题（回答下列问题，每个题目至少包含三个要点。共4小题，每小题5分，共计20分。）
条据1. What are the main elements of news values?二手房首付怎么算
●timeliness
●proximity
●prominence
●conflict
●currency
●impact食用油品牌
●human interest
2. List the conventions for writing news leads.
● A lead should contain the esnce of the story.
● A lead should begin with the most important elements of information.
● A lead writer should u the active voice if possible.
● A lead should be positive.
● A lead writer should try to place the time element before or after the verb.
● A lead writer should try not to overwhelm the reader with too much detail.
● A lead writer should always avoid editorializing and always indicate the source of
information.
好儿媳● A lead should avoid mentioning names unfamiliar to the reader.
● A lead should avoid abstract words and u vivid, concrete words that enable the
reader to visualize the scene.
● A reporter may choo to begin a lead with what is directly related to people’s
everyday life.
3. Tips for Fine News Writing
Being correct is necessary but not sufficient.
(1) Good writing should be preci.
(2) Good writing should be clear.
●Keep ntences short.
●Keep to one idea a ntence.混在世界末日
●Favor subject-verb-object ntences.
●Avoid using more than three prepositonal phras in one ntence.
●Avoid using more than three numbers in one ntence.
●U plain and simple words instead of jargon, journale, or cliches.
(3) Good writing should be concrete.
(4) Good writing should appeal to the reader’s ns.
4. What are the functions of news headlines?
●Summarize the news.
●Attract the reader’s attention with large print and sometimes with language of
shocking or nsational effect.
