2023年高中英语语法：情态动词考点分析
needn't have done与didn't need to do用法区别
needn't have done 主要表示某事已经做了，但后来觉得没必要去做，因此常含有责备或遗憾之意;didn't need to do 则不具体表明某事是否做了(即可能做了也可能没有做，此用法中的need为实意动词):
I got up early, but I needn't have done so, becau I had no work to do that morning.我起床起得很早，但我本来不必起那么早的，因为我那天早上没什么事做。
鱼腥草的功效与作用及禁忌I didn't need to get up early this morning. so I staved in bed until9am.今天早上我不必早起，所以我一直睡到上午九点钟才起床。
若没有特定的上下文，有时可能有歧义:
I didn't need to go the office yesterday.
(1)我昨天无需去那儿。(所以没去)(=I didn’t have to go there yesterday.)
(2)我昨天本来不必去那儿的。(但我却去了)=I needn't have gone there yesterday, )
will与would七大用法归纳
用法一:表示意愿
will 表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿:
I will pay you at the rate you ask.我愿意照你要求的价钱付款。
Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。
He wouldn't help me yesterday.他昨天不愿帮助我。
She asked if I would go with them. 她问我是否愿同他们一起去。
注意:
(1)表示“意愿”的 will 有时可用于条件句中:
If you will allow me, I will e you home. 如果你同意，我可以送你回家。
(2)would也可表示现在的意愿，语气较委婉:
I'd go there with you. 我愿同你去那儿。
I wouldn't go. 我不会去。划船的英语
用法二:表示征求意见或提出请求
主要用干第二人称的疑问句中，will和would均可用，would比时并不表过去，而表示委婉语气。
Won't you take off your coat? 你要不要把大衣脱掉?
Will [would] you plea post the letter for me? 请帮我寄了这封信好吗?
Would Sunday night suit you?星期天晚上适合你吗?
注意:
(1)有时为使语气委婉，可用否定式。总的说来，用would比用wil1委婉，用won't和wouldn’t
比单独用will和would要委婉。
(2)would有时用于提出想法，通常与like,love,hate, prefer, be glad,be happy等连用，若用于第一人称有时也可将would换成should
I'd like [love] to have a look at it. 我想看看它。
I would prefer not to go out today. 我今天不想出去。
用法三:表示习惯和倾向性
will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯:
Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水上。
This window won't open. 这扇窗户经常打不开。
He'll talk for hours. If you let him.你要让他讲，他会讲几个小时。
The wound would not heal.(过去)伤口老不愈合。
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When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 他小时候经常去滑雪。
He would sit there for hours sometimes doing nothing at al1. 有时他在那里一坐几个钟头，什么也不做。
注意:
有时would表示经常发生的令人不耐烦的事:
That's just like him-he would lo his keys! 他就是这样，老丢钥匙!
用法四:表示推测
will用于谈论现在，would可用于谈论过去，也可用于谈论现在(语气较委婉):
This car will hold six people. 这辆小汽车可以坐六个人。
Ask him.He will know 问问他吧，他大概知道。
You wouldn't know. 你不会知道。
Every family would have some sort of trouble. 家家都会有本难念的经。
The person you mentioned would be her father, is that right?你提的那个人想必是她的父亲，对吗?
注意:
有时可后接完成式，表示对过去可能已经发生的情况进行推测:
You will have heard of it. 你已经听到那事了吧。
I thought you would have finished it by now. 我想你现在可能已经做完了吧。
用法五:表示执意或决心
wil1表示现在的执意和决心，would表示过去的执意和决心:
“Tell me the cret.” “I won't.”“把秘密告诉我。”“我才不哩。”
wps查找快捷键I won't have anything said against her 我绝不让谁说她的坏话。
He would do it, though I told him not to.虽然我叫他不要做，可是他偏要做。
注意:此用法可视为表意愿的加强用法，即强烈的意愿即为决心。
用法六:其他用法
will 还可表示许诺、指示、叮嘱等，而would还可用于评论某一特定的行为等:
You will have your share. 你会得到你那一份的。
You will do as I told you. 你得照我说的去做。
拈花湾景区That's just what he would say. 他就是爱那样讲话。
You would never do anything to hurt me. 你绝不会做伤害我的事的。
用法七:would与虚拟条件句
有时用would，可视为是省略了或包含有相关条件的虚拟语气:
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I might e her personally. It would be better. 我可能亲自去看她，那样更好些。(=It would be better if I saw her personally
She'd be stupid not to accept她不接受那才笨呢。(=She would be stupid if the didn't accept.)
ought to的用法、注意及与相关词的区别
一、ought to 的三条主要用法
(1) ought to 表示义务或责任
ought to 表示义务或责任时，其意为“应该”:
We ought to leave at once. 我们应该马上离开。
Such things ought not to be allowed. 这类事不该容许。
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(2) ought to 表示建议或劝告
ought to 表示建议或劝告时，其意为“应该”:
You ought to e the new film. 你应该看看这部新电影。
We oughtn't to take risks. 我们不宜于冒险。
He said I ought to write an article about it.他说我应当写一篇文章谈这事。
(3) ought to 表示推断
ought to 表示推断时，其意为“应该”、“可能”:
That ought to be enough food for all of us. 那些该够我们大家吃的了。
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Ask John. He ought to know. 问问约翰吧，他该知道。
I ought to be fit for work next month. 下个月我想必可以工作了。
注:用ought to表示推断时，语气较肯定，通常指的是一种合乎逻辑的可能性(与should表推断时相似)，有时可译为“准是”(但语气比mus要弱):
That ought to [should] be Janet coming upstairs now.正在上楼的准是珍妮特。
二、ought to 后接动词所用形式
根据不同情况ought to后可接不同的动词形式:
1.接动词原形
用于谈论现在或将来的情况。(见上例)
(2) 接进行式:
用于谈论正在进行的事:
You oughtn't to be talking so much，Annie.你不宜讲这么多话，安妮。
It isn't what I ought to be doing. 这不是我现在应该做的事。
有时表示将要发生的事(正如用进行时态表示将来一样):
I ought to be going. 我该走了。
We ought to be hearing from him soon.我们不久应当会接到他的信。
(3) 接完成式
用于过去的情况，可指过去已经发生的情况，也可接本该发生而实际上夫发生的情况:
They ought to have arrived by now.他们现在应该已经到了。
I don't think you ought to have done that. 我想你不应该这样做的。
三、使用ought to 的注意点
(1) 在否定式中
用ought not 或oughtn't，在疑问中将ought提到主语之前:
