多专业常用英语词汇
一、最新常用经济术语
国民经济、对外经济贸易 NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE
经济指标 economic indicators
社会总产值 total product of society
国民生产总值 GNP (Gross Domestic Product)
国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita
工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture
国民收入 national income
购买力平价法 purchasing power parity
财政收入 state revenue
社会商品零售总额 total volume of retail sales
社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index
百分点 percentage points
"八五"划划 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development
计划经济 planned economy
统购统销 state monopoly over purcha and marketing
市场经济 market economy
指令性计划 mandatory plan
指导性计划 guidance plan
市场调节 market regulation
建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government
抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology
实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population
第一、二、三产业 primary, condary and tertiary industries
外向型经济 export-oriented economy
创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterpri
劳动密集型 labor intensive
技术、智力、资本密集型 technology, knowledge or capital intensive
高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value
优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources
生产力 productive forces
生产资料 capital goods
科研成果产业化 industrialization of rearch findings
火炬计划 Torch Plan
技术入股 technology appraid as capital stock
风险投资 venture investment/capital
固定资产投资 investment in fixed asts
折旧费 depreciation cost
关系民生的产品 products vital to the people's livelihood
供大于求 oversupply女人生产
供不应求 short supply
经济过热 overheated economy
抑制炒房地产热 stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market
宏观调控 macro-economic control
经济杠杆 economic levers
产业政策 industrial policy
财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率 public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate
提高经济效益 enhance economic performance/returns
社会效益 social effect/returns
实现持续、稳定、协调的发展 bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development
财政赤字(盈余 ) budget deficit(surplus)
外贸出口总额 gross foreign export value浪费水图片
外商直接投资协议金额 contracted foreign direct investment
实际利用外资 foreign investment in actual u
三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterpris with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture
允许外商独资经营 allow full foreign equity operation
优惠条件 confessional terms; favorable terms
减免税收 tax reduction and exemption
合作方式 approaches to cooperation
出资方式 means of contributing investment
合营期限 contract term of a joint venture
三来一补 (来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, asmbling supplied components)
贸易伙伴 trade partner
转口贸易 transit trade
外贸顺差 foreign trade surplus
积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验 actively introduce capital, technology, compet
ent professionals and managerial experti form outside
交钥匙工程 turn-key project
招标承包制 bidding invitation contract system
招标出售技术 bids for technology
公开招标 call for bid; tenders
招标单 invitation for bid (IFB)
标书 bidding document
竟标 competitive bidding
投标 bid for a project
投标报价书 bid proposals
评标 bid proposal evaluation
开标 bid opening
中标 win a bid; be awarded a tender
拍卖飞花令诗句 auction
租赁 leasing
保税区 bonded area; free trade area
实行全方位开放 practice multi-directional opening
统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、 unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition
自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制 responsibility for one's own profits and loss, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system
知识产权 intellectual property rights
技术转让 technology transfer
可行性研究 feasibility study
意向书 letter of intent
投资环境 investment environment
跨国公司 transnational coorporation
基础设施 infrastructure
20年基本实现现代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years
发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 rve as a medium for introducing advanced tec
hnologies, managerial experti and qualified professionals from outside.
招商 attract investment
招商项目 project proposals for investment
同国际惯例接轨 follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage
加大改革力度 intensify reforms
一条龙服务 one package rvice
一支笔审批 one-chop approval
我们两市的经济互补性很强。 英国大学学费To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.
平等互利，互通有无 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods
外引内联 act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections
保持发展后劲 bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development
经济实力 economic capabilities
龙头 pacemaker; leading role
三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平） "three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.
瓶颈 bottleneck
以工养农 u industrial income to finance agriculture
以路养路 u tolls to repay investment in road projects
下放审批权 delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels
统而不死，活而不乱 ensure a flexible control
良性循环 positive cycle
国民经济的支柱 mainstay of the national economy
格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape.
理顺企业的产权关系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterpris
政策性亏损 policy-related loss
三角债 chain debts
上不封顶，下不保底 t no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee
企业“工效挂钩” link total payroll with the performance of an enterpri
生意兴隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish
质量信得过单位 quality trustworthy organization
老婆过生日批量生产 mass production
以销定产 limit production to market ability
内联企业 inland associated enterpris
菜篮子工程 shipping basket project
国产化 percentage of home-made parts
配套改革 coordinated reforms
配套措施 supporting measures
配套工程 auxiliary project
国内配套资金 domestic funds
向基础工业倾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry
升级换代 upgrading and updating
看好经济增长 think highly of economic growth
行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected.
行情看涨/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price
随行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions
片面追求发展速度 ek an unduly high growth rate
在过渡时期 in a period of transition
粗放/集约经营 extensive/intensive operation
基础地位 leading position
门类齐全 covering extensive fields
存款/贷款余额 the balance of deposits/loans
外汇储备 foreign exchange rerves
贸易顺差 trade surplus
完善的市场和发达的金融体制 well-established market and sophisticated financial system
消灭失业 wipe out unemployment
降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序 cool down the over-heated future market and restore
financial order
紧缩银根 tighten the money supply
一位数水平 one digit level
保持双边贸易的平衡 balance the two-way trade
这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。 This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to forge enduring/lasting and constant/continuous economic ties.
市场疲软 a market slump
库存积压 overstocked products
国家指令性计划 state mandatory planning
统一定价 unified price tting
国家统配物资 materials allocated by state
货币发放 the issue of currency
规范价格秩序 standardize the price order
简化流通环节，增加随机检查 simplify circulation and add more random checks
市场机制开始发挥调节作用。 The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role.
由于该暗补为明补，粮食购销同价。 Grains are purchad and sold by the same price becau covered allowances are turned into open allowance.
导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。 An important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices.
二、人口生育
常住人口 permanent population
流动人口 floating population
盲流 the unemployed migrant people
劳动力 labor force
外来工 migrant worker
临时工 asonal worker
人口普查 census
人口基数 population ba
人口稠密 denly populated
人口稀少 sparly populated
人口爆炸 population explosion
人口过剩 overpopulation
出生率 birth rate
死亡率 mortality rate
自然增长率 natural growth rate
人口老化 aging of population
合法婚龄 legal age for marriage
结婚高峰 marriage boom
生育高峰 baby boom period
计划生育 family planning
提倡优生优育,鼓励晚婚晚育 advocate healthy pregnancy and scientific nurture, and encourage late marriage and postponed child-bearing
破除重男轻女习俗 change attitude of viewing sons as better than daughters
多子多福 the more sons, the more blessings
男尊女卑 Man is superior to woman
传宗接代 carry on the family line
养儿防老 bring up sons to support parents in their old age
避孕 contraception
避孕用品 contraceptives
人工流产 abortion
节育 birth control
产妇 lying-in women
婚前检查 premarriage health checkings
孕产妇死亡率 maternal mortality rate
婴儿死亡率 infant mortality rate
节育率（避孕率） contraceptive prevalence rate
总和生育率 total fertility rate(tfr)
平均预期寿命 life expectancy at birth
每年人口增加数 annual increment of the population
人口基数大 large population ba
平均年增长数 average annual increa
平均年增长率 average annual growth rate
城市化 urbanization
人口流动 movement of population
流动人口 floating population
人口老龄化 the aging of population
更替水平 population replacement level
社会保障体系 social curity system
农村剩余劳力的转移 the transfer of rural surplus labors
正规的学校教育 formal school education
到去年年末，中国人口已达到11亿8千5百万，比上一年净增长1346万。 By the end of last year, the Chine population had reached 1,185 million, a net increa of 13.34 million fr
om a year ago.
计划生育政策符合中国国情，符合整个国家的利益。 The family control policy suits China’s basic conditions and rves the interests of the whole nation.
三、政体改革
根据民主化和法制化的要求,积极推进政治体制的改革. 1. According to the demand of democratization and legalization, positive efforts have been made to promote the reformation of political system.
社会主义民主政治的核心是人民当家做主,真正享有法律赋予的各项民主权利麻辣豆腐. 2. The esnce and core of socialist democratic politics is that the people are the masters and they really enjoy various democratic rights endowed by laws.
1979年，全国人民代表大会修改了选举法,各级人民代表大会普遍实行了差额选举,代表正式候选人的名额多于应选名额的1/3至1倍. 3. In 1979, the Electoral Law was revid on th
e National People's Congress(NPC). Difference election was adopted in all levels of the Congress. Number of formal candidates is more than tho to be elected by a rate of 3:1, or 1 time over.
北京市人民代表大会是北京市的国家权利机关,每届任期五年。每年人民代表大会期间,代表要听取和审议市人民政府、市人民法院、市人民检察院的工作报告;审查和批准北京市的国民经济和社会发展计划、预算以及执行情况的报告。代表大会依法选举市人民代表大会常委委员会的组成人员、市长和副市长、市人民法院院长和中级人民法院院长、市人民检察院检察长和市人民检察分院检察长、绊脚石应选的全国人民代表大会代表。市人民代表大会常务委员会是市人民代表大会的常设机构,其主要任务和职能是根据北京市经济和社会发展的需要制订地方性法规,此外,还有依法决定人事任免,加强对法律法规实施情况的监督检查,审议和办理代表大会交付的议案,督促办理代表提出的建议、批评和意见,组织代表参加专题调查、视察等活动。 4. Beijing People's Congress is the organ of State power of Beijing Municipality. It is elected for a term of 5 years. During annual ssions, deputies are to listen to, and to discuss, work reports of the municipal government, the municipal court of justice and the municipal procuratorate; and to examine and ratify reports on plan
s about national economy and social development of Beijing Municipality, as well as tho on the budgets and states of execution. the Congress elects, according to law, members of the standing committee of the congress, the mayor, vice mayors, directors of the municipal court of justice and the intermediate people's court, chief procurators of the municipal procuratorate and of its branches, and deputies to the national people's congress. The standing committee of the Municipal People's Congress is the standing body of the Congress, and its major task is to draft local laws and regulations according to needs of economic and social developments in Beijing. Other activities the Standing Committee is responsible to include: to decide appointing and removing of administrative personnel according to the provisions of the law; to strengthen the superintending and checking on states of execution; to discuss and put to practice the motions put forward by the Congress; to supervi the handling of suggestions, criticisms and opinions put forward by deputies; and to organize activities of investigations on special subjects and of inspection tours by deputies. 有氧健身体操
人民政治协商制度进一步发展。中共北京市委、北京市人民政府就北京改革开放、经济建
设和人民生活的重大问题,同各民主党派和人民团体负责人、无党派人士定期进行协商对话采购协议,认真采纳他们提出的建议。 The system of political consultations among the people is further developed. Beijing Municipal committee of CPC and Beijing People's Municipal Government consult and open dialogues regularly with leaders of democratic parties and people's organizations, and non-party personages on important questions of the reformation and opening-up, economic constructions and people's lives in Beijing, and good suggestions they put forward have been riously adopted.
群众组织 mass organizations
居委会 neighborhood committees
保证将国家机关的工作置于社会的监督下 to ensure the works of state organizations be put under social supervision
深入开展反腐败斗争 to deepen the anticorruption campaign
廉正建设 the construction of honest administering
查处违法违纪案件 to investigate and punish the activities violating the law and discipline
