人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit11SectionA教材全解
Unit 11 How was your school trip?
Unit 11 Section A课文全析
1.How was your school trip?你的学校郊游怎么样?
【重点注释】school trip学校的郊游。一般在学校郊游结束后才会有感受或感触,在问学校郊游怎么样这个问题前学校郊游已经过去了,所以该句运用了一般过去时。该句的回答可以是:It was great/wonderful/terrible!该句的同义句:How did you like(What did you think of/about或者What/How about) your school trip?
2.go for a walk去散步
【重点注释】go for a walk去散步,相当于take a walk。walk此处作名词,意为“散步”。例如:What about going for a walk?去散步怎么样?短语:go out for a walk出去散步,have/take a walk散步,have/take walks散步。例如:Let’s go out for a walk.让我们出去散步吧。
【拓展记忆】walk还可作不及物动词,意为“走路;散步”,后接表示地点的名词时,要加上介词to,但其后接here,there,home等地点副词时,不需加介词to。例如:Let’s walk to the zoo.=Let’s go to the zoo on foot.让我们步行去动物园吧。I usually walk to school.我通常步行去上学。You can walk there.=You can go there on foot.你可以步行去那儿。
3.milk a cow给奶牛挤奶山村女教师
【重点注释】milk此处作及物动词,意为“给……挤奶”,milk a cow给奶牛挤奶/挤奶牛的奶;milk还可作不及物动词,意为“挤奶,出奶”。例如:I helped my father to milk the cow.我帮助我父亲挤牛奶。(及物动词)——Where’s your mother?——She’s milking cows on the farm.
她在农场里给奶牛挤奶。(及物动词)
This cow milks very well.这头奶牛出奶
很多。(不及物动词)
【拓展记忆】milk还可用作不可数名词,
意为“牛奶”,drink milk喝牛奶,a glass
of milk一杯牛奶。例如:
Would you like some milk? milk(名词,牛奶) milk(动词,挤奶)
How much milk do you drink every day?
4.feed chickens喂鸡
【重点注释】feed(feed-feeds-feeding-fed)此处作及物动词,意为“喂养;饲养”,其后常接表示动物名称的词作宾语,feed chickens饲养小鸡。例如:I feed my dog every day.我每天都喂我的狗。My father’s job is to feed animals.我父亲的工作是喂养动物。Can I feed the animals?我可以喂这些动物吗?
【拓展记忆】1)feed…to弯曲的箭头…意为“把……喂给……吃”。feed后接饲料或食物名词作宾语,to为介词,其后一般接动物或小孩等名词表示对象。例如:Plea feed some grass to the cow.请给这头奶牛喂些草。She fed milk to the baby.她给婴儿喂了牛奶。2)feed可作不及物动词,意为“食,吃”(主要指动物),与介词on连用构成词组,意为“以……为食,靠……为生”。例如:Sheep feed on grass.绵羊以草为食。Birds feed on worms and grains.鸟以虫和谷物为食。
5.——Did you e any cows?你看到一些奶牛了吗?
——Yes,I did.I saw quite a lot.是的,我看到了。我看到相当多。
【重点注释】①此问句是一个一般过去时态的一般疑问句,其中did是do的过去式,在此作助动词构成一般疑问句。本句用于询问过去发生的动作或事情,疑问句中用了助动词did时,句中的谓语动词应用动词原形,其句型是“秀峰山Did+主语+动词原形+其他成分?”,其肯定答语是“Yes,主语(代词)+did.”,否定回答是“No,主语(代词)+didn’t.”。例如:——Did you do your homework yesterday?——Yes,I did./No,I didn’t.你昨天做作业了吗?是的,我做了。/没有,我没做。——Did she go swimming yesterday?——Yes,she did./No,she did
n’t.她昨天去游泳了吗?是的,她去了。/不,她没去。
【试题链接】—— he go to Central Park?
——.Yes,he did..
A.Did B.Do C.Does D.Is
(答语是一般过去时态,问句也应该为一般过去时态,其一般疑问句应借助助动词did来完成。答案:A)
②quite a lot是表示程度的副词短语,意为“相当多”,在句中多修饰动词或动词短语。例如:I like him quite a lot.我非常喜欢他。I ate quite a lot for lunch today.今天午餐我吃得很多。——Do we have milk in the fridge?——Yes,quite a lot.我们冰箱里还有牛奶吗?是的,还有很多。【比较】Thanks a lot.寻找快乐多谢。
【拓展记忆】quite a lot后接名词时常与介词of连用,quite a lot of意为“相当多的……”,后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式。例如:I have quite a lot of work to do this afternoon.
今天下午我有太多的活要干。I have quite a lot of things to tell you.我有很多事情要告诉你。There are quite a lot people in the supermarket today.今天超市里的人很多。【注意】a lot后面不能直接跟名词,a lot of相当于lots of/many/much,其后可接可数名词复数(many)或不可数名词(much)。【比较】quite a few+可数名词复数,quite a little+不可数名词,都是“相当多/不少”的意思,都直接修饰名词,多用于口语(非正式用语)。例如:I have quite a few books.我有许多书。Quite a few students go to school by bike.相当多的学生(不少学生)骑自行车去上学。There is quite a little water here.这儿有很多水。
【辨析记忆】quite与very
quite | 程度副词,意为“相当,非常” | 可修饰副词、形容词、动词,与表“程度”的词连用。 | quite与very与不定冠词连用时位置不同:“a+very+形容词+名词”和“quite+a/an+形容词+名词” |
very | 程度副词,意为“很,非常”,语气较quite重。 | 可修饰副词、形容词,但不可直接修饰动词。 |
| | | |
例句:She is quite/very tall.她很高。He sings very/quite well.他唱得很好。
Tom is a very good boy.=Tom is quite a good boy.汤姆是个很好的男孩。
6.What did the farmer say?农民说了什么?
【重点注释】farmer名词,意为“农民;农场主”。例如:I want to be a modern farmer.我想当一名现代农民。
【拓展记忆】1)怎么卸妆farm名词,意为“农场”。例如:There are many animals on the farm.农场里有许多动物。三角式2)farming名词,意为“农事;耕作”。例如:It’s best time for farming.是耕作的好时节。
7.Did you learn anything?你学到什么东西了吗?/你学到了什么?
【重点注释】anything用作不定代词,表示“某事,某东西”,主要用于否定句、疑问句中,用以代替something。例如:He doesn’t want to eat anything now.现在他什么也不想吃。We can’t believe anything he says.无论他说什么,我们都不能相信。Do you have anythin
g to say?你有什么话要说吗?Has anything interesting happened?发生了什么有趣的事吗?
【拓展记忆】1)在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用something,不用anything。例如:Would you like something to drink?你想要些喝的东西吗?2)表示“任何事,任何东西”,主要用于肯定句。例如:I want something to eat.and anything will do.我想弄点东西吃,什么都行。My dog will eat almost anything我的狗几乎什么都洗都吃。3)用作主语时,谓语用单数,对应的代词也用单数(it).例如:Aything is better than nothing,isn’t it?有点儿总比什么都没有要好,不是吗?4)修饰anything的形容词应置于其后。例如:Did you hear anything interesting there? 你在那儿听到了什么有趣的事吗?Is there anything new in the book?这本书中有什么新内容吗?
【试题链接】——Is there in today’s newspaper?
学而不——Yes,it is really cheerful to read that a group of 好听的网名男生 kids joined the volunteers..
A.anything new;ten-year-old B.something new;ten-years-old
C.anything new;ten-years-old D. something new;ten-year-old
(anything一般用于疑问句或否定句中,修饰anything的形容词new应后置;ten-year-old意为“十岁的”,在句中作定语,修饰名词kids。答案:A)
【试题链接】——Do you have el to say for your mistake?
—— but sorry.
A.anything;Something B. something;Everything
C. something;Anything D.anything;Nothing
(前句是一般疑问句,故排除B和C。句意:你对于你的错误还有别的什么要说吗?没有什么要说的,除了抱歉。答案:D)
8.Did you grow any apples?你种苹果了吗?
【重点注释】grow此处作及物动词,意为“种植;栽培”,过去式grew。例如:We grow flo
wers and vegetables in our garden.我们在花园里种植鲜花和蔬菜。They grow rice every year.他们每年种水稻。It takes ten years to grow trees,but a hundred to rear people.十年树木,百年树人。