分类号：G40密级：公开
成都有啥好吃的学校代码：*****学号：**********
专业硕士学位论文
基于语言建构与运用的初中说明文教学研究
作者姓名徐爱玲
指导教师孙盛涛教授郑成业中学高级教师专业领域学科教学·语文
培养单位文学院
答辩日期2020年6月13日
摘要
说明文在初中语文教学中的地位日益凸显，与学生的生活联系日益密切。通过说明文的学习，学生能够更好的掌握准确简明的语言表达。但是在实际课堂中，仍存在说明文教学效率低下，教学内容偏颇，教学过程忽视语言学习等现象。语言文字是语文教学的基点，为使说明文教学更加凸显语文本色，达到通
过具体的语言学习培养学生语言建构与运用能力的目的，本研究主要采用文献研究法、访谈法和案例分析法，深入剖析说明文教学现状，并针对突出问题提出解决对策。
烈字开头的成语
通过对真实课堂记录的分析发现，在说明文教学过程中，大多教师能充分结合学情进行授课并能做到适时安排说明文阅读训练，有培养学生阅读能力和语言感知能力的意识，但是受文体特征、师生双主体态度以及考试内容的影响，说明文教学也慢慢出现偏离语文教学本位的现象，语文学习中最重要的语言文字被置于学习目标边缘。课堂上教学活动陈旧，语言品析环节公式化；教学内容偏颇，师生对语言运用关注不足。教师把握不好教语文还是教科普、教课程还是课文、教知识获取还是语言表达，学生也很难产生对说明文的新认识，更不用说培养建构语言、理解语言、创造语言、运用语言的能力。学生的语文素养难以提升，教师在说明文教学领域也得不到突破。
本论文以统编初中语文教材为主要载体，结合理论与课堂实践，提出针对培养学生语言建构与运用能力的把握原则教学、立足文本语言特质教学、精细品读语言、实践运用语言等说明文教学策略，以此凸显语言学习的重要价值，体现说明文学习的现实意义。最后结合当前说明文教学现状以及自身思考，尝试对今后说明文教学路径以及课型做出进一步探索。
在关注学生的语言建构与运用能力视角下进行说明文教学，对改善教学现状、提高教学效率、发展学生语文素养具有重要意义。
关键词：初中语文；说明文教学；语言建构与运用；说明文
Abstract
Exposition plays an increasingly prominent role in junior high school Chine teaching and is increasingly cloly related to students'lives.Through the study of expository writing,students can better master accurate and conci language expressions. However,in the actual classroom,there are still some phenomena such as low efficiency of explanatory teaching,biad teaching contents and neglect of language learning in the teaching process.Language is the basic point of Chine teaching.In order to make expository text teaching more prominent in Chine and realize the purpo of cultivating students'ability of language construction and application through language learning,this paper in-depth analyzes the current situation of explanatory teaching,and put forward solutions to outstanding problems by using rearch methods such as literature rearch, interview and ca analysis.
Through the analysis of real classroom records,it is found that in the process of explanatory teaching,most teachers can fully combine their learning experience to give lectures and arrange expository text reading training in due time,and have the awareness of cultivating students'reading a
壁纸品牌十大排名bility and language perception ability.However, influenced by stylistic features,teachers and students'dual-subject attitude and examination content,e explanatory teaching also gradually deviates from the standard of Chine teaching,and the most important language in Chine learning is placed on the edge of learning objectives.The teaching activities in the classroom are outdated and the language analysis link is formulaic.The teaching content is biad and teachers and students pay insufficient attention to the u of language.It is difficult for teachers to grasp the three principles of teaching Chine or popular science,teaching curriculum or text,teach knowledge acquisition or language expression,and students are also difficult to have a new understanding of exposition,not to mention cultivate the ability to construct language,understand language,create language and u language.It is difficult to improve students'Chine literacy,and teachers cannot make breakthroughs in explanatory teaching.
This paper takes the compilation of junior high school Chine teaching materials as the main carrier,combining theory and classroom practice,and puts forward some explanatory teaching strategies,such as the teaching of grasping principles,the teaching bad on the characteristics of text language,the careful reading of language,and the practical application of language,in order to highlight the important value of language learning and reflect the practical significance of explanatory learning.Finally,the author
combines the current teaching situation of explanatory teaching with the own thinking, and tries to further explore the teaching path and lesson types of explanatory teaching in the future.
The explanatory teaching from the perspective of improving students'ability of language construction and application is of great significance for improving the teaching status quo,improving the efficiency of reading teaching and developing students'Chine literacy.
Key words:Junior high school Chine;Explanatory teaching;Construction and application of language;Exposition
目录
引言 (1)
党员可以出国吗
第一章初中说明文教学的价值与理论基础 (9)
第一节初中说明文教学的价值 (9)
一、文本自身具备语言价值 (9)
二、凸显文体的实用性 (10)
三、推动学生语文核心素养的发展 (10)
第二节初中说明文教学的理论基础 (11)
一、皮亚杰建构主义学习理论 (11)
二、维果茨基心理发展理论 (12)争成语
第二章初中说明文教学现状研究及成因分析 (12)
第一节初中说明文教学现有成绩 (14)
一、适时进行说明文阅读训练 (14)
二、结合学情授课，培养学生能力 (15)
第二节初中说明文教学存在的问题 (15)
一、教学活动陈旧，语言品析环节公式化 (15)快刀斩乱麻
二、教学内容偏颇，教师对语言运用关注不足 (17)
第三节初中说明文教学问题成因 (18)
一、文体特征的影响 (18)
二、教师轻视，缺乏专业素养 (19)
三、学生漠视，读写兴趣不高 (20)
四、考试内容固化单一 (21)
第三章基于语言建构与运用的初中说明文教学策略 (24)
第一节把握教学原则，凸显语文本色 (24)
林黛玉评价一、以教语文为出发点和落脚点 (24)
二、变“教课文”为“用课文教” (25)
三、重心由了解知识转向学习语言 (26)
第二节立足文本语言特质，因文而异定教 (28)
期望薪资怎么填最好一、深入挖掘文本，遴选教学内容 (28)
二、主要问题引领，确定教学重点 (29)
三、围绕说明语言，创建合作学习单 (30)
第三节深入精细品读，彰显说明文的语言活力 (33)
一、品读赏析，感知语言组成的独特性 (33)
二、揣摩辨析，剖析语言表达的准确性 (35)
三、对比阅读，体悟语言建构的形象性 (37)
