PART D strategic performance measurement
第七章 performance hierarchy
一 mission statements and vision
影响企业活动的两个guiding ideas
Mission：what is the business for 是basic purpo 是what it is trying to accomplish
Vision：where is the business going 是future direction
1.1 vision
有三个方面：企业目前怎么样，在一个理想的世界中它会变得怎么样，这个理想的世界是什么样的
1.2 mission
描述了组织在社会中的功能，针对为顾客提供的产品和服务
Ca study
这个企业的使命不仅仅是提高利润，也有社会责任，所以我们不能仅仅从利润角度评价
Mission的四个元素
Purpo：为股东创造财富还是满足更多stakeholder的需求？
Strategy：业务组合，资源分配、竞争定位、竞争优势、能力等
Policies and standards of behavior
Values and culture
五月节1.3 mission statements
是一个written declaration of organization’s central mission
特点 brief distinctive flexible open-ended（不量化） 经常emphasis on customers
避免avoid profit，time
关注外部：顾客、竞争者
目的
Ready reference
Clear image
Stated purpo
廉洁
经常包括下面这些方面
Reasons for existence
Nature of business
Principles of business
Ways of competing
Customer commitment
Identity of stakeholders
有ca study
1.4 mission and planning
Mission可以
1 Inspire planning
2 screening（act as yardstick）
3 affect implementation of a planned strategy
二 goals and objectives
2.1 区分goal和objective
Goal倾向于是长期概念，objective倾向于短期概念
Goal是subjective的，objective（名字本身就代表了客观）因此是可以quantitative
Operational goals can be expresd as quantified（SMART） objectives：specific，measurable，attainable，relevant（to the mission），time-bounded
比如
Goal：提高生产效率
Objective：在接下来十二个月之内，把缺陷品频率减小到多少之内雾都孤儿故事梗概
Non-operational goals则不能被表示为objective
比如ek truth，customer satisfaction
强调决策三个层次是如何运作的，之间的联系（228页）
热切2.2 features of goals and objectives in organizations
1 goal congruence
Across all departments，at all levels，over time
2 identify the beneficiaries as well as the nature and size of the benefit
2.3 goal的类型，建立的不同方法韩愈的作品
类型：四种，根据是不是根据mission来的，是不是connsus来记
方法
Top-down bottom-up by precedent by diktat by connsus
老人与海英语The tting of objectives is a political process，是不同stakeholder的bargaining process
因此不可能只满足一个stakeholder，而且会change over time
三 corporate objectives
有corporate objective和 unit objective大班安全活动
我们通过战略选择来达成corporate objective
3.1 各个层次的objective
corporate objectives应该relate to CSF
SBU的objective和上面的类似
Unit objectives are specific to individual units of the organization
3.2 primary and condary objectives
如果objective太多的话，就不能有效完成。有一些目标要比其他来的重要，我们就叫他primary corporate objectives。我们的战略应该首先完成primary objective
比如首要目标是利润增长，我们的战略就应该围绕这个来建立
次级目标可以使销售增长、持续创新、顾客服务等
四 subsidiary or condary objectives
我们通过建立次级目标来support首要目标
4.1 次级目标的类型
Financial
Technological
Product market：包括market leadership，coverage，positioning，expansion
Organization structure
Productivity
艾灸棒Consolidation
4.2 Ranking objectives and trade-offs
因为我们的时间、资源不够
有一些目标是at the expen of others
我们需要有trade-off
并且要goal congruence
4.3 departmental plans and objectives
4.3.1 document the responsibility
4.3.2 responsibility charts
包括
Major objective
General programme to achieve the objective
Sub-objective
Critical assumptions underlying the objectives and programme
4.3.3 activity schedule
应该在横向、纵向、over time（短期作为长期的milestone）上都有coordination
4.4 a hierarchy of objective
Mission |
Goals |
Objectives |
Strategy |
Tactics |
Operational plans |
|
五 social and ethic obligations
这里不做详解
5.1 stakeholder approach
5.2 social responsibility
为什么要play active social role
关于social responsibility 三种不同的观点contrasting
5.2.1 social audit
5.2.2 the importance of social responsibility
5.2.3 the importance of sustainability
5.3 ethics and ethical conduct
六 the short term and long term
6.1 长短期目标用时间来区分
6.2 trade-off
