2019年中山大学国际翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
PART ⅠVOCABULARY TRANSLATION [60 MIN] (1×30=30 POINTS) SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH [30 MIN]
1. 去杠杆
【答案】deleverage
2. 中国制造2025
【答案】Made in China 2025宋应星的著作是什么
3. 民粹主义
【答案】populism
4. 僵尸企业
【答案】zombie enterpris
5. 双一流
【答案】double first class
6. 人类命运共同体
【答案】a community of shared future for mankind
7. 普惠发展
【答案】inclusive development
8. 2030年可持续发展议程
走进山西
【答案】The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
9. 绝对贫困
【答案】absolute poverty
10. 深水区（改革开放）
【答案】deep water zone (reform and opening up)
11. 区块链
【答案】blockchain
12. 量化宽松
【答案】quantitative easing
13. 77国集团
【答案】Group of 77
风骚的女人14. 购买力平价
【答案】purchasing power parity
15. 新时代中国特色社会主义思想
【答案】socialism with Chine characteristics in the new era
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE [30 MIN]
l. TPP
【答案】跨太平洋伙伴关系协定（Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement）
2. Rustbelt States
【答案】锈带州
3. Shadow banking
【答案】影子银行
4. Mike Pence
【答案】迈克·彭斯
5. Algorithm
【答案】算法
白灵鸟6. Cloud computing
【答案】云计算
7. Mangkhut
【答案】台风山竹
正能量的微信名
8. NAFTA
【答案】北美自由贸易协定（North American Free Trade Agreement）
9. Disarmament
【答案】裁军
10. Sexism
【答案】性别歧视
11. Authoritarianism
【答案】权力主义
12. Balance sheet
轻饮食【答案】资产负债表
13. Nationalism
【答案】民族主义
14. S&P index
电脑ip地址设置
【答案】标准普尔指数
15. CPEC
【答案】中巴经济走廊（China–Pakistan Economic Corridor）
PART ⅡTRANSLATION [120 MIN] (2×60=120 POINTS)
SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH TRANSLATION [60 MIN]
单纯利用水的流动来计时有许多不便，人们逐渐发明了利用水做动力，以驱动机械结构来计时。公元前117年，东汉的张衡制造了大型天文计时仪器——水运浑天仪（the Water-driven Celestial Globe)，初步具备了机械性计时器的作用。随后历代都相继制作了附设有计时装置的仪器，其中宋代的苏颂制造的水运仪象台（the Water-driven Celestial Obrvatory)，把机械计时装置的发展推到一个新的高峰。该水运仪象台的计时机械部分还可以按时刻使木偶出来击鼓报刻，摇铃报时等。
会计实习经历
这类计时器尚不能算是独立的计时器，还是天文仪器与计时仪器的混合体。至14世纪60年代，我国的机械计时器已脱离了天文仪器而独立，不但具有传动系统——齿轮系，而且还有擒纵器（escapement)，如果再前进一步，就可以能出现完全现代意义上的钟表。但遗憾的是，中国没能做到这一点，最终机械钟表还是从西方引进。
——选自《中国文学》，2000 (1) 【参考译文】
There are many inconveniences in timing by simply using the flow of water. People have gradually invented using water as power to drive mechanical structures to time. In 117 BC, Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty manufactured a large astronomical chronograph, the Water-driven Celestial Globe, which initially had the function of a mechanical chronograph. Later generations successively made instruments with timing devices, among which the Water-Driven Celestial Obrvatory made by Su Song of the Song Dynasty pushed the development of mechanical timing devices to a new peak. The timing mechanism part of the water transport instrument elephant table can also make puppets come out to beat drums, announce inscriptions, chime the time, etc.
This kind of timer is not yet an independent timer, but a mixture of astronomical instruments and timing instruments. By the 1360s, China’s mechanical timepieces had become independent of astronomical instruments, with not only a gear train of the transmission system, but also an escapement. If we take a step forward, we can e clocks in a completely modern n. Unfortunat
ely, China failed to do this, and eventually mechanical clocks were imported from the west.
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE TRANSLATION [60 MIN]
The true artist lets himlf go. He is natural. He “swims easily in the stream of his own temperament”. He listens to himlf. He respects himlf.
He comes into the light of everyday like a great leviathan of the deep, breaking
