1. The Definition of Logistics
After completing a commercial transaction, logistics will execute the transfer of goods from the supplier( ller) to the customer( buyer) in the most cost-effective manner. This is the definition of logistics. During the transfer process, hardware such as logistics facilities and equipment( logistics carriers) are needed, as well as information control and standardization. In addition, supports from the government and logistics association should be in place.
小阁楼Three major functions of logistics
(1) Creating time value: same goods can be valued different at different times. Goods often stop during the transfer process, which is professionally called the storage of logistics. It creates the time value for goods.
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(2) Creating location value: same goods can be valued differently at different locations. The value added during the transfer process is the location value of logistics.
(3) Distribution processing value: sometimes logistics create distribution processing value, which changes the length, thickness and packages of the goods. Like popular saying, “ cutting into smaller parts” is the most commonly en distribution processing within logistics create added value for goods.
登泰山记教案>重要的英语单词怎么写2. Logistics is a new commercial area, developing from the traditional stage to a modern one. The main differences between the two stage include:
高中物理课件 (1) Modern logistics adopts containerization techniques. The goods transfer process starts with packaging, followed by transportation, storage and distribution. The whole process is operated under logistics standards. Bad on the logistics ba module of 600×400mm, from the logistics module of 1,200×1,000mm, and enlarge to the size of 2,591×2,438mm-the size of high×wide of the container. It can be adjusted to the standard sizes of containers for trains, trucks and ships.
(2) Information technologies are most important for modern logistics. Bar Code, POS, EDI and GPS systems dramatically improve the efficiency and accuracy of the logistics a鸡脆骨的家常做法
ctivities. Internet further assists the market development, operation and management of the logistics industry.
3.International Logistics
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An increasing number of companies are involving in international markets through exporting, licensing, joins ventures, and ownership. This trend should continue. With such expansion there is a need to develop worldwide logistics networks. Integrated logistics management and cost analysis will be more complex and difficult to manage.
There are some future trends in internationalization:
(1) More logistics executives with international responsibilities
(2) Expansion of the number and size of foreign trade zones.
(3) Reduction in the amount of international paperwork and documentation各种花的图片
(4) More foreign warehousing is owned and controlled by the exporting firm
(5) Increasing number of smaller firm
(6) Foreign ownership of logistics rvice firms, e. g., public warehousing and transportation carriers.
(7) Increasing multiple distribution channels
The international transport and the international logistics are same things in some way. So, when the international trading involved, the firm must establish international logistics systems to provide the products and rvice demanded. The most significant development in international logistics will be the increasing sophistication information system adopted and independent departments to operate.
4.Packaging.
Packaging performs two basic functions–marketing and logistics. In marketing the packaging acts promotion and advertising. Its size, weight, color, and printed information attract customers and convey knowledge of the product. When firms are involved in inter
national marketing, packaging becomes even more important. Products sold to foreign countries travel greater distances and undergo more handling operations. The logistics package is to protect the products during the process of logistics.
Scrap disposal. The logistics process must effectively and quickly handle, transport, and store waste products. If they can be reud or recycled, logistics company should arrange and move them to the re–production and re–processing locations.
Return goods handling. The handling of return goods is often called rever distribution. Buyers may return items to the ller for a number of reasons. Most logistics systems are not good enough to handle such cas. In many industries, consumers return products for warranty repair, replacement, or recycling, rever distribution costs may be very high. Rever distribution will become more important as customers demand more flexible and favorable return policies.
5.Third Part Logistics ( TPL)
Third Part Logistics provides all the logistics rvices. They act as a bridge or facilitator between the first part( supplier or producer) and the cond part( buyer or customer). The primary objectives of third part logistics providers are to lower the total cost of logistics for the supplier and improve the rvice level to the customer.
