专题18 定语从句
【2021年】
1．（2021·天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.
A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为现行词，_____ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从……中学习”，可知应用from which引导定语从句。故选A。
2．（2021·天津卷）At the Chine art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
A．where B．which C．that D．when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。
4.（2021年浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 28． that most of the ri is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
【答案】
28．and
阿细跳月29．that/which
【解析】
28．考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the ri is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。
29．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
【2020年】
1. （2020·江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choo for free.
A. who B. which C. when D. whom
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。
3. （2020·天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ cretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A. who B. of whom C. of which D. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ cretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词who引导该从句，故选A。支票日期的填写方法
小班家长会
3. （2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词who。故填who。
【2019年】
1.【2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
十二笔画的字A. which B. what C. when D. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。
2.【2019·天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words bu
t not full ntences.
A. why B. where C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full ntences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
3.【2019·新课标I卷】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
【答案】One afternoon I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。
4.【2019·新课标II卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
【答案】where
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
5.【2019·新课标III卷】They were well trained by their masters ___64___粗重 had great experience with caring for the animals.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
酒店大堂经理6.【2019·新课标III卷】 In the cafe, customers will enjoy themlves in the historical environment what is created for them.
【答案】In the cafe, customers will enjoy themlves in the historical
environment is created for them.
【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词用that/which。故 把what改为that/which。
7.【2019·浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
8.【2019·北京卷】What students do at college ems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
【答案】where
【解析】句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
9.【2019·北京卷】The students benefitting most from college are tho ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词tho，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。
【2018年】
等待用英语怎么说
1.【2018·北京】She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
A. which B. who C. as D. that
【答案】A
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。
2.【2018·天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
>弱点
