二维跟踪太伏发电装置设计（曲柄摇杆式）
摘要：人类正面临着石油和煤炭等矿物燃料枯竭的严重威胁，太阳能作为一种新型能源具有储量无限、普遍存在、利用清洁、使用经济等优点，但是太阳能又存在着低密度、间歇性、空间分布不断变化的缺点，这就使目前的一系列太阳能设备对太阳能的利用率不高。太线自动跟踪装置解决了太阳能利用率不高的问题。本文对太阳能跟踪系统进行了机械设计和自动跟踪系统控制部分设计。
第一，机械部分设计：
机械结构主要包括底座、主轴、齿轮和齿圈等。当太线发生偏离时，控制部分发出控制信号驱动步进电机8带动小齿轮转动，小齿轮带动大齿轮和主轴转动，实现水平方向跟踪；同时控制信号驱动步进电机4带动丝杆，丝杆带动可动螺母和太阳能板实现垂直方向转动，通过步进电机8、步进电机4的共同工作实现对太阳的跟踪。
第二，控制部分设计：
主要包括传感器部分、信号转换电路、单片机系统和电机驱动电路等。系统采用光电检测追踪模式实现对太阳的跟踪。传感器采用光敏电阻，将两个完全一样的光敏电阻分别放置于一块电池板东西方向边沿处下方。当两个光敏电阻接收到的光强度不一样时，通过运放比较电路将信号送给单片机，驱动步进电机正反转，实现电池板对太阳的跟踪。
关键词：太阳能；跟踪；光敏电阻；单片机；步进电机
Two dimensional tracking solar photovoltaic power generation device design (crank rocker type)
Author：Liu da ke
Tutor：Li ansheng Abstract:Human being is riously threatened by exhausting mineral fuel, such as coal and fossil oil. As a kind of new type of energy sources, solar energy has the advantages of unlimited rerves, existing everywhere,using clean and economical .But it also has disadvantages ,such as low density,intermission,change of space distributing and so on.The make that the current ries of solar energy equipment for the utilization of solar energy is not high. In order to keep the energy exchange part to plumb up the solar beam,it must track the movement of solar.In this paper, the solar tracking system of the mechanical part and control system part are designed.
First,the mechanical part is designed.
Mechanical structure mainly includes the main spindle, stepping motors, gears and gear ring, and so on. When the sun's rayshas a deviation, small gear arerotated by stepper motor according to the control signal from MCU. And the large gear and main spindle is rotated by small gear in order to tra
ck to achieve the level direction.At the same time, another small gear is rotated by another stepper motor according to the control signal.And the large gear and the solar panels are rotated by the small gear in order to track to achieve the vertical direction. Solar is tracked by the two stepper motors together.
Second, control system part is designed.
Control system mainly includesthe nsors part, stepper motor, MCU system and the corresponding external circuit, and so on. Photoelectric detection systemisud to track solar. Sensors u photonsitive resistance. The two same photonsitive resistances were placed in east and west direction of the bottom edge .When the two photonsitive resistances receiveddifferent light at the same
time, the signal from comparison circuit is nt to MCU in order to rotate stepping motors.
Keywords：Solar energyTrackingPhotonsitive resistance SCMSteppingmotor
目录1绪论1
1.1课题来源1
1.2课题背景1
1.2.1能源现状与发展1
1.2.2我国太阳能资源1
1.2.3目前太阳能的开发和利用1
1.2.4太阳能的特点1
1.3课题研究的目的2
1.4研究课题的意义2
投入英文1.4.1新环保能源2
1.4.2提高太阳能的利用率3
1.5太阳能利用的国外发展现状3
1.6太阳追踪系统的国外研究现状4
1.7论文的研究容5
1.8论文结构5
2太阳能自动跟踪系统总体设计6
关于环保的图片2.1本课题的机械设计方案6河南师范大学研究生
2.2跟踪方案的比较选择7
外国人名字2.2.1本设计的跟踪方案7
3机械设计部分8
3.1太阳能自动跟踪系统机械设计方案8
3.2电池板的选择与布局分析8
3.2.1太阳能电池板的发展与种类8
3.2.2电池板的参数和选择10
3.3太阳能电池板的布局和分析11
3.3.1电池板的参数分析11
3.3.2边框与其固定结构设计11
3.4电动机的选择12
3.4.1电动机功率的确定12
3.4.2确定电动机的转速13
3.5齿轮转动计算14
3.5.1材料选择14
3.5.2尺寸计算14
3.5.3校核计算14
3.5.4齿根弯曲疲劳强度验算16
3.6丝杆螺母转动计算17
3.6.1材料选择17
3.6.2尺寸计算17
3.7键联接计算18
3.7.1主轴与大齿轮的键联接18
纸的由来3.7.2小轴与齿圈的键联接19
3.7.3步进电机1输出轴与小齿轮1的联接19
项羽是什么朝代的人
3.7.4步进电机2输出轴与小齿轮2的联接19 3.8抗风性分析19
3.8.1底座上螺钉校核19
4自动跟踪系统设计21
4.1系统总体结构21
榆树干豆腐
4.2光电转换器21
4.2.1光电转换电路21
4.3单片机与其外围电路22
4.3.1 AT89C51单片机22
4.3.2外围电路24
内部往来4.4驱动电路25
4.4.1驱动电路25
4.5系统的实现26
4.5.1光敏电阻光强比较法26
4.5.2光敏电阻光强比较法的工作过程27
4.5.3系统的流程图28
