2020年高考英语一轮复习语法专项讲解--形容词与副词（无答案）
形容词与副词
考点清单●一形容词的特征
1.作定语一般位于被修饰词的前面
a sunny day阳光明媚的一天 a kind person一个和蔼可亲的人
a funny story一个滑稽可笑的故事classical music古典音乐
2.作表语位于连系动词的后面
Miss Green is very stric t.格林老师非常严格。
I am feeling lonely.我感到孤独。
I am very busy recently. 我最近很忙。
3.多数形容词有比较级和最高级
a clever boy一个聪明的男孩
a cleverer boy一个更聪明的男孩
the cleverest boy最聪明的男孩
[练全题点]单句语法填空
1. The baby__________(sleep) is Mrs. Green's son.
2. The hou_______(fully) of smoke belongs to Mr. White.
3. The man__________( responsibility) for the trip is handsome.
4. He is the person_________(awareness) of the danger.
5. The river is twenty metres_________(width).
考点清单二形容词的基本用法及构成
一、形容词的基本用法
形容词在句中主要作定语、表语、补足语,有时也可以作状语、独立成分等。
1.作定语
谈判的技巧She is a pretty girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。
We should learn the advanced foreign experience.我们应该学习外国先进的经验。特别点击
有些形容词通常只放在名词前作定语。
live fish 活鱼outdoor activities 户外活动
golden sunlight金色的阳光digital cameras数码相机
minimum requirement最低要求the chief topic主要的话题
exo主唱
2.作表语
跟在连系动词be ,feel,get,turn, become ,prove,em等后作表语。
Are you aware of the difficulty? 你是否意识到有困难?
②状态变化的:get,turn
After a long walk I felt tired.走了一段很长的路,我感到累了。
特别点击
有些形容词通常作表语，常见的有:
afraid害怕的alike相似的alive活着的alone单独的apart分开的ashamed羞愧的asleep睡着的aware意识到的awake醒着的content满足的drunk喝醉了的ill生病的
ready准备好的sure肯定的upt心烦意乱的
3.作补足语
李顺琪
形容词可以作补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质、状态或特征。
The hou was found empty.人们发现房子是空的。
I think it impossible for him to finish the work before dark.
我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成工作。
4.作状语
形容词作状语时主要说明主语的状态。
Hungry and tired,I had to stop to have a rest. 又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。
She was lying in bed ,awake.她躺在床上,没睡着。
He arrived home，cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地回到了家。
5.作主语或宾语
"the+形容词”表示一-类人或物，作主语或宾语。
The new will take the place of the old.新事物将代替旧事物。
The young are fond of sports. 年轻人喜欢运动。
二、形容词的构成
1.某些动词可加-ed或ing构成形容词。
amusing, amud, astonising. astonished, enouraging, enouraged, confusing, confud disappointing,disappointed, discouraging, discouraged, exciting, excited, interesting, interested, pleasing, plead, shocking, shocked, surprising, surprid, promising, striking ,inviting等。
特别点击
②通常情况下，加-ed的形容词表示“人感到如何”，加ing的形容词则用来描写事物，例如:
We were excited when we heard the excitingnews.听到这个令人激动的消息，我们感到很兴奋。
②但是，也要注意an excited voice,a plead look等表达方式。
2.带有-1y后级的形容词:friendly ,deadly ,lovely ,lonely ,likely ,lively,ugly等,表示有....品质的。
摘要英文
Her singing was lovely. 她的歌声是优美的。
He spoke to me in a very friendly voice.他用友好的声音和我说话。
特别点击
有些以-ly结尾的形容词，也可为副词。如daily，weekly ,monthly ,yearly ,early.
The Times is a daily paper.《泰晤士报》是一种日报。
The Times is published daily. 《泰晤士报》每天被出版。
3.构成形容词的常见后缀.
形容仙女的诗句
(1)名词+-y
wind -windy有风的sun-sunny阳光充足的
fog- foggy 有雾的fun- funny 有趣的
逶迤
rain rainy多雨的flower- flowery 花香的
(2)动词+-able
value-valuable有价值的comfort- comfortable 舒适的reason- reasonable合理的
(3)名词+-al
nation- national 国家的education- educational教育的nature -natural 天然的addition- additional附加的
(4)名词+-en
整理房间教案wood- wooden 木制的gold-- golden金色的
mistake -mistaken 错误的
(5)动词+ -ent
differ -different 不同的insist -insistent 坚持的
(6)名词+-ish
fool- foolish 愚蠢的lf-lfish自私的
boy- boyish 顽皮可爱的child- childish 孩子气的
(7)动词+-ive
act- active 积极的impress- impressive 印象深刻的attract- attractive 迷人的instruct- instructive 有益的
(8)名词+-ful
power -powerful 强有力的peace- peaceful 和平的
beauty- beautiful美丽的wonder-wonderful精彩的
help- helpful有帮助的faith- faithful忠诚的
shame -shameful 可耻的thank -thankful 感谢的
(9)名词+-ous
danger -dangerous 危险的courage -courageous 勇敢的
envy- envious羡慕的;妒忌的
三、形容词在句子中的位置
形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前。两个或两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时，一般顺序为:“限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老.颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。”或者“美小圆旧黄,中国木书房”。例如: a fine round maple(枫木) writing table
a famous old English country hou
[练全题点]单句语法填空
1.If we know that gossip can be________(harm) ,then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip- the satisfaction it gives us.
2. He did not compromi easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a_________(worth) cau.
3. His____________(comprehension) surveys have provided the most explicit statements of how, and on what basis ,data are collected.
4. The weather forecast says it will be________(cloud) with a slight chance of rain later tonight,
5. I'm a 34-year old man, married, live in a nice hou, and have a successful career as an__________(educate) consultant.
6.He is lying in bed, wide________(wake).
阳台种菜7.The new group of students is in better behaved than the other group who stayed here
_________(early).
