第三章
Morphology
I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or Fal：
1.Morphology studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.
2.Words are the smallest meaningful units of language.
3.Just as a phoneme is the basic unit in the study of phonology， so is a morpheme the basic unit in the study of morphology.
4.The smallest meaningful units that can be ud freely all by themlves are free morphemes.
5.Bound morphemes include two types： roots and affixes.
6.Inflectional morphemes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number， ten， degree， and ca.
7.The existing form to which a derivational affix can be added is called a stem， which can be a bound root，a free morpheme， or a derived form itlf.
8.Prefixes usually modify the part of speech of the original word， not the meaning of it.
9.There are rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word. Therefore， words formed according to the morphological rules are acceptable words.
10.Phonetically， the stress of a compound always falls on the first element， while the cond element receives condary stress.
II. Fill in each blank below with one word which begins with the letter given：
11.M ____ is the smallest meaningful unit of language.
12.The affix “-ish” in the word ‘boyish’ conveys a g____ meaning.
13.B___________ morphemes are tho that cannot be ud independently but have to be combined with other morphemes， either free or bound， to form a word.
14.Affixes are of two types： inflectional affixes and d__________ affixes.
15.D________ affixes are added to an existing form to create words.
16.A s______ is added to the end of stems to modify the meaning of the original word and it may ca change its part of speech.
17.C__________ is the combination of two or sometimes more than two words to create new words.
18.The rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word are called m___________ rules.
19.In terms of morphemic analysis， d_______________ can be viewed as the addition
of affixes to stems to form new words.
喝茶叶能减肥吗
20.A s______ can be a bound root， a free morpheme， or a derived form itlf to which a derivational affix can be added.
III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement：
21The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a（n） ______.
A. bound morpheme | B. bound form |
C. inflectional morpheme | D. free morpheme |
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22. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound __________.
A. is the sum total of the meaning of its components |
B. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemes 坐月子能喝米酒吗 |
C. is the same as the meaning of a free phra |
D. None of the above |
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23. The part of speech of the compounds is generally determined by the part of speech of __________.
A. the first element |
B. the cond element |
C. either the first or the cond element |
D. both the first and the cond elements | 车队长
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24. _______ are tho that cannot be ud independently but have to be combined with other morphemes， either free or bound， to form a word.
A. Free morphemes | B. Bound morphemes |
C. Bound words | D. Words |
沙龙活动 | |
25. _________ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and
the rules by which words are formed.
A. Syntax | B. Grammar |
C. Morphology | D. Morpheme |
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26. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _______.
A. lexical | B. morphemic |
C. grammatical | D. mantic |
知印 | |
27. Bound morphemes are tho that ___________.
A. have to be ud independently |
B. can not be combined with other morphemes |
C. can either be free or bound |
推荐免试研究生D. have to be combined with other morphemes |
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28. ____ modify the meaning of the stem， but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word.
A. Prefixes | B. Suffixes |
C. Roots | D. Affixes |
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29. _________ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists.
A. Words | B. Morphemes |
C. Phonemes | D. Sentences |
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30. “-s” in the word “books” is _______.
A. a derivative affix | B. a stem |
C. an inflectional affix | D. a root |
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IV. Define the following terms：
31. morphology | 32. inflectional morphology | 33. derivational morphology |
34. morpheme | 35. free morpheme | 36. bound morpheme |
37. root | 38. affix | 交通安全的知识 39. prefix |
40. suffix | 41. derivation | 开朗的英语 42. Compounding |
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