Alfred Tennyson, (6 August 1809 – 6 October 1892), much better known as "Alfred, Lord Tennyson," was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom during much of Queen Victoria's reign and remains one of the most popular poets in the English language.
Tennyson, Browning and Arnold are generally called “The Big Three” of Victorian poets. Among them, Tennyson was the most popular and gained the title of “poet of the people”. His reputation remained high until his death, declined in the early 20th century, and its rightly very high today.
恒赫一时Education and first publication
Tennyson was born in Somersby, Lincolnshire, a rector's son and fourth of 12 children. He derived from a middle-class line of Tennyson, but also had a noble and royal ancestry.
Tennyson and two of his elder brothers were writing poetry in their teens, and a collection of poems by all three were published locally when Alfred was only 17.
He entered Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1827, where he joined a cret society called the
Cambridge Apostles. At Cambridge Tennyson met Arthur Henry Hallam, who became his clost friend. His first publication was a collection of "his boyish rhymes and tho of his elder brother Charles" entitled Poems by Two Brothers published in 1827. In 1829 he was awarded the Chancellor's Gold Medal虫儿飞歌曲儿童版 at Cambridge for one of his first pieces, "Timbuctoo". He published his first solo collection of poems, Poems Chiefly Lyrical in 1830. Although decried by some critics as overly ntimental, his ver soon proved popular and brought Tennyson to the attention of well-known writers of the day
Return to Lincolnshire and cond publication
In the spring of 1831, Tennyson's father died, requiring him to leave Cambridge before taking his degree. He returned to the rectory, where he was permitted to live for another six years, and shared responsibility for his widowed mother and the family. Arthur Hallam兔子坡好词好句 came to stay with his family during the summer and became engaged to Tennyson's sister. In 1833 Tennyson published his cond book of poetry, which included his well-known poem, "The Lady of Shalott". The volume met heavy criticism, which so di
scouraged Tennyson that he did not publish again for ten years, although he did continue to write. That same year, Hallam died suddenly and unexpectedly after suffering a cerebral haemorrhage while on vacation in Vienna. Hallam's sudden and unexpected death in 1833 had a profound impact on Tennyson, and inspired veral masterpieces. After an unwi investment in business ,Tennyson then moved to London.
Third publication
In 1842 while living modestly in London, Tennyson published two volumes of 阜宁县教育局Poems, of which the first included works already published and the cond was made up almost entirely of new poems. They met with immediate success. It was in 1850 that Tennyson reached the pinnacle of his career, finally publishing his masterpiece, In Memoriam A.H.H., dedicated to Hallam. Later the same year he was appointed 乌溪江Poet Laureate, succeeding William Wordsworth. In the same year (on 13 June), Tennyson married 画小狗简笔画Emily Sellwood, whom he had known since childhood, in the village of Shiplake. They had two sons. Tennyson died on October 6, 1892 and was buried in the Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey.
Major works
1. Poems by Two Brothers (the 1st collection of poems, 1827)《两兄弟诗集》
2. Poems (his 1st important work, a collection of his early poems;1833)《诗集》
3. two volumes of Poems (cured his position as the leading poet of his time, 1842; includes The Lady of Shalott, The Lotus Eaters, Ulyss is included) 《诗集》（第二卷）
4. The Princess (1847)《公主》
5. In Memoriam H.H.(1850; succeeded Wordsworth as poet Laureate) 《悼念》
6. Maud
7. Idylls of the King (1859)《国王诗歌集》
8. Crossing the Bar 《过沙洲》
9. Break, Break, Break 《浪花拍，拍，拍》
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Artistic Features
⏹ Tennyson is a great Victorian poet conscious of the situation of his own age. He is the first major writer to express the awareness of the vast extent of geological time that has haunted human consciousness since Victorian scientists expod the history of the earth’s crust.
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⏹ Tennyson is a real artist. He has the natural power of linking visual pictures with musical expressions, and the two with the feelings. He has perfect control of the sound of English, and a nsitive ear, an excellent choice and taste of words. His poetry is rich in poetic images and melodious language, and noted for its lyrical beauty and metrical charm.
⏹ Tennyson is a moralist. He is clor to Pope and Gray than to, say, Browning. He is a classical scholar with highly polished style, delicate tunes and faultless verbal rhythms. Although he attacks the evils of his time, especially money-worship, his attacks are most tho of a moralist than of a radical reformer. His poetry is full of didacticism. He has mad
e poetry the description of a beautiful and antique world, as if deliberately he is closing his eyes to the ugly industrialism of his own century. His own past, his country’s past, the past of mankind and the past of the world are the theme of his poetry.
⏹ Tennyson is a great poet of nature. He es nature as the tting for performances and spectacles as inten and transitory as the emotions which sweep across the mind.
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