Unit 4 The Fundamentals of Computer Hardware
Text 1 Organization of Computer System Components
Exercis
1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words according to the text.（根据课文内容填空）
(1) A computer is a fast and accurate symbol manipulating system.
(2) The keyboard of a workstation connected online to a computer is an example of device.
(3) The input/output and condary storage units are sometimes called peripheral devices.
(4) The heart of a computer system is cpu.
(5) Key elements of a computer system include memory, input devices, central processing unit and output devices.
(6) The popular output devices ud for personal computer are printer.
2. Translate and analyze the following ntences.（翻译并分析下面的句子）
(7) It is organized to accept, store, and process data and produce output results.
句子组成：is organized表是被动，to表目的，and连接并列宾语。
翻译：它被组织接收，存储，处理和产生输出结果
(8) There are two main ctions found in the CPU of a typical personal computer system.
句子组成：found表是被动
翻译：典型的PC机的CPU中有两个主要部分
(9) In personal computer systems, display screen and desktop printers are popular output devices.
句子组成：In personal computer systems做状语，
翻译：PC机中，显示屏和桌面打印是流行的输出设备
(10) Becau the devices are not a part of the CPU, they are often located near it.
句子组成：becau引导原因装仪从句。_
翻译：_由于这些设备不是CPU的组成部分，所以常常定位在它附近
3. Reading comprehension.（阅读理解）
We know a computer is a machine that process data (stored in main memory) into information, under control of a stored program. We also know that, internally, a computer is a binary machine; thus the data and the program instructions must be stored in binary form. Characters are reprented in a binary code. Numbers are stored as binary numbers, with each bit’s positional value significant. A computer’s main memory is divided into bytes, words or both (depending on the system), and each of the basic storage units is assigned an address. Using this address, the processor can read or write lected bytes or words.
The processor consists of a clock, an instruction control unit, an arithmetic and logic unit,
and registers. Once a program is stored in main memory, the processor can begin to execute it. During I-time, the instruction control unit fetches an instruction from main memory; during E-time, the arithmetic and logic unit executes it. Precily timed electronic puls generated by the clock drive this basic machine cycle.
Choo the correct answers for the following brackets.
(11) Inside a computer, characters are reprented by (a )知识社会.
A. a binary code B. words C. registers D. positional values
(12) A location in memory is accesd by its ( a).
A. address B. value C. content D. register
(13) An instruction is fetched during (c清蒸大虾最简单的做法).
A. E-time B. I-time C. cycle time D. run time
卑躬
(14) An Instruction is executed during (d ).
宇宙是怎么形成的A. E-time B. I-time C. cycle time D. run time
(15) One instruction is fetched and executed during a single (d ).
A. clock pul B. instruction C. memory access D. machine cycle
党员四个合格Text 2 CPU
Exercis
4. Fill in the blanks.程颐程颢
(16) The processor, often called the central processing unit (CPU) or main processor, is the component that process写眼睛的词语 or manipulates data.
(17) The processor is controlled by control unit.
(18) The program tells the computer what to do, and the control unit_identify the memory locations that will participate in the operation.
5. Decide whether the following statements are True or Fal.
(19) A processor can do everything without a program to provide control. (F)
(20) The operation codes identify the memory locations that will participate in the operation.
(F)
(21) The processor contains three key components. (F)
(22) A program written to run on a computer bad on the Motorola CPU will not run on a computer that ud an Intel chip. (F)
6. Translate and analyze the following ntences.
(23) Whatever intelligence a computer has is derived from software, not hardware.
句子组成：Whatever 引导的句字做主语。
翻译：计算机的智能来源于软件而不是硬件
展示台(24) The processor manipulates data stored in main memory under the control of a program stored in main memory.
句子组成：第一个stored in main memory做data的补语，第二个stored in main memory做program的补语。under the control of a program stored in main memory.做状语。
翻译：在主存程序的控制下处理器处理存于主存的数据
(25) The arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) is the functional unit that provides the computer with logical and computational capabilities.
