Lesson 4 The Trial That Rocked the World
震撼世界的审判
A buzz ran through the crowd as I took my place in the packed court on that sweltering July day in 1925. The counl 赤小豆是红豆吗for my defence was the famous criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow. Leading counl for the procution was William Jennings Bryan, the silver-tongued orator 书写痉挛, three times Democratic nominee for President of the United States, and leader of the fundamentalist movement that had brought about my trial.
在一九二五年七月的那个酷热日子里，当我在挤得水泄不通的法庭里就位时，人群中响起一阵嘁嘁喳喳的议论声。我的辩护人是著名刑事辩护律师克拉伦斯.达罗。担任主控官的则是能说会道的演说家威廉.詹宁斯.布莱恩，他曾三次被民主党提名为美国总统候选人，而且还是导致我这次受审的基督教原教旨主义运动的领导人。
A few weeks before I had been an unknown school-teacher in Dayton, a little town in the mountains of Tenne. Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over. Seated in co
urt, ready to testify on my behalf, were a dozen distinguished professors and scientists, led by Professor Kirtley Mather of Harvard University. More than 100 reporters were on hand, and even radio announcer s, who for the first time in history were to broadcast a jury trial. "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks," Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open.
天蝎座男人
几个星期之前，我还只是田纳西州山区小镇戴顿的一名默默无闻的中学教员，而现在我却成了一次举世瞩目的庭审活动的当事人。在法庭就座为我作证的有以哈佛大学的科特里o马瑟教授为首的十几位有名望的教授和科学家。到场的还有一百多名新闻记者，甚至还有一些广播电台的播音员，他们也要破天荒地播放一次庭审实况。就在我们静候着法庭开审的当儿，达罗关切地搂住我的肩膀低声安慰道："别担心，孩子，我们会给他们点厉害瞧瞧。武松人物形象"
The ca had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at the condary school. For a number of years a clash had been building up between the fundamentalists and the modernists. The fundamentalists a
dhered 男孩女孩教案to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament. The modernists, on the other hand, accepted the theory advanced by Charles Darwin -- that all animal life, including monkeys and men, had evolved from a common ancestor.
我刚到戴顿中学任自然科学教员兼足球教练不久，这件案子就突然降临到我的头上。若干年来，原教旨主义者和现代主义者之间就一直在酝酿着一场冲突。原教旨主义者坚持严格按照字面意义去理解《旧约全书》，而现代主义者则接受查尔斯o达尔文的进化论--认为一切动物，包括猿和人，都是由同一个祖先进化而来的。
Fundamentalism was strong in Tenne, and the state legislature 关于老师的诗歌had recently pasd a law prohibiting the teaching of "any theory that denies the story of creation as taught in the Bible." The new law was aimed squarely at Darwin's theory of evolution. An engineer, George Rappelyea, ud to argue with the local people against the law. During one such argument, Rappelyea said that nobody could teach biology without teaching evolution. Since I had been teaching biology, I was nt for.
在田纳西州，原教旨主义势力很强，州立法机构最近还通过了一项法令，禁止公开讲授"任
何否定《圣经》上宣讲的创世说的理论。"这项新法规的矛头直接指向了达尔文的进化论。有位名叫乔治o干炸鲫鱼拉普利亚的工程师因反对这项法规常和当地人进行辩论。有一次辩论中，拉普利亚说，任何人要讲授生物学，就不能不讲进化论。因为我就是讲授生物学的，所以他们便把我叫去作证。
"Rappelyea is right," I told them.
"拉普利亚是对的，"我对他们说。
"Then you have been violating the law," one of them Said.
"那么说，你在触犯法律，"他们中的一位说。
"So has every other teacher," I replied. "Evolution is explained in Hunter's Civic Biology, and that's our textbook." Rappelyea then made a suggestion. "Let's take this thing to court," he said, "and test the legalityof it."
"所有其他的教师也都在触犯法律，"我回答说。"亨特所著的《生物学基础》中就讲到了进
化论，那是我们使用的教科书。"于是拉普利亚提出一个建议。"让我们将此事交付法庭判决，"他说，"以检验其是否合法。"
When I was indicted on May 7, no one, least of all I, anticipated that my ca would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U. S. history. The American Civil Liberties Union announced that it would take my ca to the U. S Supreme Court if necessary to establish that a teacher may tell the truth without being nt to jail." Then Bryan volunteered to assist the state in procuting me. Immediately the renownedlawyer Clarence Darrow offered his rvices to defend me. Ironically, I had not known Darrow before my trial but I had met Bryan when he had given a talk at my university. I admired him, although I did not agree with his views.
细胞分化的原因当我于五月七日被正式起诉时，谁也不曾料到，我本人更没有料到我的这件案子竟会越闹越大，以至成为美国历史上最著名的庭审案例之一。美国公民自由联合会宣布：如有必要，联合会将把我的案子提交美国最高法院审理，"以确保教师不至于因讲授真理而被送进监狱。"接着，布莱恩自告奋勇地要协助州政府方面对我进行起诉。著名律师克拉伦斯.达
罗也立即主动提出要替我辩护。具有讽刺意味的是，在这次审判之前我并不认识达罗，但我却见过布莱恩，那是我念大学的时候，他来校作过演讲。我很钦佩他，尽管我并不赞同他的观点。
By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1,500 people had taken on a circusatmosphere. The buildings along the main street were festoonedwith banners. The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sproutedwith rickety stands lling hot dogs, religious books and watermelons. Evangelists t up tents to exhortthe pasrsby. People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan against the " infidel outsiders" Among them was John Butler, who had drawn up the anti-evolution law. Butler was a 49-year-old farmer who before his election had never been out of his native county.
到七月十日庭审开始的时候，我们这个拥有一千五百人口的小镇上呈现出一派看马戏似的热闹气氛。大街两旁的建筑物上都挂起了彩旗。在法院的三层红砖房子周围的街道上突然冒出了许多摇摇晃晃的摊贩货架，出售的是热狗、宗教书籍和西瓜。福音传教士们也在街
上搭起帐篷向行人传教布道。附近一带的山区居民，其中多半是原教旨主义者，也纷纷赶到镇上来为布莱恩呐喊助威，打击那些"外来的异教徒"。他们当中就有具体起草了那条反进化论法令的约翰.巴特勒。巴特勒是一位四十九岁的农场主，在当选之前还从未跨出过自己的县境。
