状语从句
句子的类型
句子：
简单句
并列句
复合句：
●名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
●状语从句
●定语从句
什么是状语
状语时用来修饰词，词，词或
的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、
原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。
当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从
句，来说明一件事情发生的时间，地点，原因，条件，结果等。分类如下：
状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
2. 地点状语从句
3. 原因状语从句
4. 条件状语从句
5. 让步状语从句
6. 目的状语从句
7. 结果状语从句
8. 方式状语从句
9. 比较状语从句
1. While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. ( )
2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( )
3. Now that/Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting. （）
4. I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( )
5. So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( )
6. As long as you don’t lo heart, you’ll succeed. （）
7. He is unhappy, though he has a lot of money.
8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ( )
一．时间状语从句
（一）用when, while或as 填空:
1._____________ we were talking, Mr Smiths came in.
2._____ they came home, I was cooking dinner.
3.I was about to go to bed _______ I heard someone knock at t the door.(并列句)
4. ________ we were watching TV, he was studying.
5. He is fat _______ his brother is thin. (并列句)
6. _____she sang, tears ran down her face.
A 从句为‖当……的时候‖，从句谓语为延续性动词，主句谓语为非延续性动词(即终止性动词), 三者可通用.
B 当从句的谓语动词为终止性动词，只能用when; 表示―正在那时‖, 也只能用when.
C.从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时, 只能用while; while还可作并列连词，表示‖而‖.
D. 当强调主句和从句的动作同时发生时，只能用as, 译为“正当…；一边…一边…; 随着…”
________he talked on, he got more and more excited.
________ you grow older ,you will know better and better about yourlf.
They talked ______they walked along the river.
宝宝反复发烧怎么解决（二）“一…就”除用as soon as 外，还可用the moment、immediately、no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。
例：The moment I clo the door, somebody knocked.
I had no sooner（hardly）clod the door than(when) somebody knocked.
No sooner (hardly) had I clod the door than (when) somebody knocked.
（三）not…until的用法
I had no idea of it until you told me.
强调句：It is/ was not until…that …
________not until you told me _____I had any idea of it.
_______you told me _____ I have any idea of it.
Till 与Until的用法
1. He lived with his parents ________ he graduated from college.
2. Not _________ he told me did I know the truth.
5. __________ you told me I had no idea of it.
3. The children __________ (not come) home until/ till it’s dark.
4. It was _________ the war was over that he returned to his land.
1. 主句为肯定句时, 主句的谓语动词应为延续性动词。
2.当主句谓语动词为短暂性动词时，谓语动词应用否定式。
3.位于句首时.只能用until, 不用till。
4. till与until 还可作介词，后接名词。如: I waited till/ until 3 o’clock.
（四）before和after
before的小结：
含义
1．We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land (……才). 2．We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. （不到……就）3．Plea write it down before you forget it. （趁……）4．Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. （还没来得及）
Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：
Before they reached the station, the train had gone.
他们（还没）到火车站前，火车已开走了
另外，注意before的以下句型：
It will be +一段时间+ before… 要过…之后才…
It was +一段时间+ before… 过了…之后才…
It was not +一段时间+ befo re… 不久就…
It won’t be +一段时间+ before… 没过…就会…
It will be half a year before I come back.
It was a week before we meet again.
It was not long before he came back.
It won’t be long before we meet again.
Before与after:
1.You have to finish your homework ______ you go out to play.
两只牛财务困境2.He had left the town the day ______ she arrived.
重眸3.He had walked three days _______ he found water.
4.It was not long ________ he left his hometown.
5.It will not be long _________ we meet each other again.
6.I played football _____ I (had) finished my homework
7.Plea tell her I’ll come _ _____ I do some shopping.
Conclusion:
1. Before作为连词, 有多种含义，必须根据上下文作出合理的判断。
2. Before与after所引导的时间状语从句中, 用现在时表示将来时。
3. Before与after 还可作介词，后接名词或-ing形式。
4.Before引导的从句是过去式, 主句是过去时或过去完成时; 主句为过去时,after 从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
（五）since 表从过去某一时间或动作、事情起到目前为止，“自….以来”①、引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。
I’ve been living here since I came to Beijing.
I have written home four times since I came here.
②、常用句型：
it is (has been)…..+ since +一般过去时
It is five years since I began to learn English.
注意：since句型中如果从句谓语是延续性的动作或状态，则它所表示的时间从该动作或状态结束时算起！如：
It is 5 years since ①he joined the army. 他参军以来。
②he was a soldier. 他退伍以来。
I have never en him since ①he fell ill. 生病以来。
②he was ill. 病愈以来。
翻译：
电动牙刷的正确使用方法
It has been 5 years since he lived here.
二．地点状语从句
地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever (在任何地方) 引导。
< 1）Just stay where you are.
2）Where there is a will, there is a way.
3）Where there is smoke, there is fire.
4）You can sit wherever you like.
5）Wherever you go, I’ll be right here waiting for you.
注意：where引导的是地点状语从句还是定语从句
地点状语从句和定语从句的区别：简单来说，地点状语从句没有先行词，而定语从句有先行词。
①The Winter Olympic Games are always held where there is plenty of snow.
②The Winter Olympic Games are always held in the countries where there is plenty of snow.
三．原因状语从句
引导这种从句常用的连接词是：becau, since, now that, for, as和considering that, eing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱。
becau, since, as, for的区别:
becau—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答why的问题，主句前不再使用so since/now that –通常放句首．译为―既然‖
as–不谈自明的原因，译为―由于‖，语气最弱。
for–放句中，引导后半句表原因, 或补充推断的理由。
注：什么情况下只能用becau
1.在回答由why提出的疑问句
-Why aren't you coming with us to the concert?
---Becau I have got a bad headache.
2.在强调句中
It was becau I wanted to be clor to nature that I moved to the countryside.
3. John is popular with his friends; that is becau John is honest and diligent.（引导表语从句）
四．目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词:
①in order that …用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。
②so that 较常用，一般用于主句后，有时可分开，so 有时可省; 从句中要有情态动词（无情态动词时为结果状语从句）
③for fear that（唯恐）; in ca（以防万一）; est (以免)等。
< a. We’ll sit nearer the front so that we can hear better.
b. I shall write it down lest I should forget.
注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用so as to do … 或in order to do …
< He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten o’clock. →
He ran fast so as to arrive there bef ore ten o’clock.
五．结果状语从句
结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so；so … that；such … that;so that 等引导。
a. So quickly did he run that I couldn’t catch up with him.
b. The bus broke down so that we had to walk home.
c. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
★d. He got to the station finally, only to find the train had left.
结果状语从句:―如此……以致……‖
such + a/an+形容词+单数名词+that clau
薛春艳such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+
像小强一样活着
so +形容词+a/an+单数名词+that clau
so+形容词/副词+that clau so+many/much/few/little+名词+
<
She told us such an interesting story that we all forgot about the time.
She told us so interesting a story that we all forgot about the time.
六．条件状语从句
陈皮的用量多少克条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if, unless (除非), as / so long as (只要), on condition (只要), once ( 一旦), in ca (假使) , providing / provided (that) 等。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。
< a. We’ll come over to e you on Saturday if we have time.
b. We should rve the people as / so long as we live. 只要我们活着，就应为人民服务。
in ca+从句; in ca of + sth.
1.假如（条件状语从句）
假如她回来了，立刻告诉我。
In ca she comes back, let me know immediately.
Ring the bell in ca of fire.
2.免得（目的状语从句）
Take the raincoat in ca it rains. 带着雨衣，以防下雨。
Take the raincoat in ca of rain.
