Brief Introduction
1. Old English Period:
William Shakespeare (1564—1616)
2. Restoration, English revolution, the bourgeois Dictatorship (王朝复辟):
John Milton (1608—1674)
3. The Ri of Fiction(故宫路线小说伊始):
Daniel Defoe (1660—1731)
Jonathan Swift (1667—1745)
Henry Fielding (1707—1754)
4. Pre-Romanticism:
Robert Burns (1759—1796)
William Blake (1757—1827)
5. Romanticism (1798—1832):
William Wordsworth (1770—1850)
George Gordon, Lord Byron (1788—1824)
Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792—1822)
John Keats (1795—1821)
晚上为什么尿多6. Critical realism——【Victorian Age (1832—1901)】:
Jane Austen (1775—1817)批判现实主义作家，但不属于维多利亚时期
Charles Dickens (1812—1870)
William Makepeace Thackeray (1811—1863)
Emily Bronte (1818—1848)
Thomas Hardy (1840—1928)维多利亚时期向现实主义过度时期
Oscar Wilde (1854—1900)
John Galsworthy (1867—1933)
George Bernard Shaw(1856—1950)批判现实主义但不属于维多利亚时期
7. Modernism:
D. H. Lawrence (1885—1930)
William Butler Yeats (1865—1939)
James Joyce (1882—1941)
Virginia Woolf (1882—1941)
William Somert Maugham (1874—1965)
Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888—1965)
John Boynton Priestley (1894—1984)
Louis MacNeice (1907—1963)
Old English Period:
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare(1564—1616)
★ Literary Achievements:
· 37plays,
· 2 narrative poems,
· 154 sonnets (Sonnets 1-126 addresd to a young man, Sonnets 127-152 addresd to “Dark Lady”, Sonnets 153-154 addresd to Cupid, the God of love in Greek mythology)
★ Literary Position:
·“not of an age, but for all time”,
· the greatest giant of English language and poetic form,
· one of the founders of realism in world literature,
· one of the greatest writers in the world’s literature.
▲ Sonnet:
1. What’s a sonnet?
A poem in 14 lines; originated in Italy, a form very popular in Renaissance Europe, especially in Italy, France and England; introduced to England by Thomas Wyatt(液晶投影仪怀亚特) and the Earl of Surrey (塞莱).
2. By rhyme scheme, sonnets can be classified into 2 styles: The Italian or Petrarchan sonnet(意大利型或彼得拉克型) & The Shakespearian or English sonnet(英国或莎士比亚型)
① The first eight lines—octave: the theme is put forward or a question is raid; the next six lines—stet, the answer to the theme【abba abba cdc dcd (cde cde)】
② Three quatrains (四行诗) —the theme is put forward and developed; the couplet(两行诗)—a surprising conclusion or a shift of ideas 【abab cdcd efef gg】
小宠物▲ Plays (4 periods)
1. First period (1592-1594): His apprenticeship in plays.
Historical plays: King Henry VI 《亨利六世》语无伦次的意思, Richard Ⅲ 《查理三世》
Comedies: Love’s Labour’s Lost 《爱的徒劳》
2. Second period (1595-1600): Mature period, a marked increa in the knowledge of humanism
(4大喜剧): A Midsummer Night’s Dream
The Merchant of Venice
As You Like It, Twelfth Night
Romeo and Juliet
3. Third period (1601-1608): Flourishing period, a period of gloomy and depression
(4大悲剧): Hamlet
Othello
King Lear
Macbeth
4. Fourth period (1608-1612): The period of romantic drama in the form of tragicomedies
Reconciliation plays: The Winter’s Tale《冬天的童话》, The Tempest
The Merchant of Venice
—William Shakespeare
1. The character of Shylock:
金英胶囊
Stone-hearted and pitiless;
Inhuman;
Stubborn;
Malicious;
Revengeful;
Eloquent, quick-minded and flexible;
Religious pious
2. Theme of the play:
· to prai the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, 大臂纹身
· to idealize Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty,
· to eulogize the triumph of friendship and love over greed and avarice, good over evil, humanity over inhumanity, commercial capitalism over the feudal practice of usury,
· a satire on the Christian hypocrisy and their fal standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against the Jews.
Restoration, English revolution, the bourgeois Dictatorship(王朝复辟申请函怎么写)
John Milton
★ Historical background
1. The English revolution and the Restoration.
· Caus: the conflict between the monarch and Parliament; the percution of the Puritans
2. The bourgeois Dictatorship and the Restoration
· Glorious Revolution—a bloodless revolution
· The constitutional monarchy.
John Milton (1608—1674)
★ Literary Achievements
▲ Pamphlets
·The Defen of the English People (1650)
·The Second Defen of the English People (1650)
▲ Poems
· Paradi Lost 《失乐园》(1667): his masterpiece——The greatest epic in English literature.
·Paradi Regained (1671) 《复乐园》
·Samson Agonistes (1671) 《力士参孙》
★ Literary Position
· A master of the Blank ver
· The greatest English revolutionary poet of the 17th century
· One of the greatest poets of the English language
