高考英语语法专题讲与练之连词
高考英语语法专题讲与练◉专题五 连词
一、连词的用法归纳
并列连词 | 并列关系 | and, when(就在这时=and just at this/that time), not only…but also, neither…nor, both…and |
转折关系 | but, while (而/尽管), yet, not…but |
选择关系 | or, either…or, otherwi, or el (否则/要不然) |
因果关系 | for, so |
定语从句 | 关系 代词 | 先行词是人 | who/that(主语), whom/that(宾语), who(定语) | 注意：非限制性定语从句中不用that |
先行词是事或物 | which/that(主语或宾语), who(定语) |
关系副词 | 先行词是时间: when (状语)；先行词是地点: where (状语)；先行词是reason: why (状语) |
名词性从句 | 连词that | 没有词义，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时可省略；即句子的结构与意义完整时，填that |
连词if/whether | 学习方法演讲稿意为“是否”，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句时，一般可互换，但在介词后或discuss后引导宾语从句时，只能用whether。但引导其他名词性从句时，一般也只能用whether |
连接代词 | 有意义，作句子成分：who, whom, who, which, what |
连接副词 | 有词义，作句子成分：when, where, why, how |
状语从句 | 时间状语 | when, while, as, before, after, once, till, until, since, every time, the moment, hardly…when, no sooner…than, as soon as |
地点状语 | where, wherever (无论什么地方/不管哪里) |
条件状语 | if, unless (除非), as/so long as (只要), on condition that (如果), in ca (如果/万一) |
原因状语 | becau, since, as, now that (=since 既然、由于) |
结果状语 | so that (结果), so…that, such…that (如此……以至于……) |
目的状语 | so that (为了/以便), in order that, in ca (以防万一), for fear that (以防/以免) |
让步状语 | although, though, as (状语或表语要提到as前，作表语的单数可数名词提前时，不用a), even if, even though (即使), whether…or…(不管……还是), whoever (=no matter who), whatever (=no matter what), whenever (=no matter when), whichever (=no matter which) |
比较状语 | than, as…as, not as…as, not so…as, the same…as, such…as, the more…the more |
方式状语 | as (像、依照), as if, as though (好像、仿佛) |
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二、连词的使用难点与易错点归纳
因为连词的种类非常多，有并列连词（连接并列句），有从属连词（引导复合句），而从属连词引导的从句又可分为三类：定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句。尤其应注意的是有些连词可引导不止一种从句，具有多重功能，这往往是学习的难点，也是易混点。
难点回顾：
1. as可引导多种从句，如时间状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句以及定语从句。
[误] Whichyou can e, he is always ready to help others.
[正] Asyou can e, he is always ready to help others.
解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，当“正像/正如”讲。
[误] Do likeI told you.
[正] Do asI told you.
解析：like是介词；as是连词，在这里作“按照”讲，引导方式状语从句。
[误] He was reading then he was walking.
[正] He was reading as he was walking.
解析：as强调两个动作同时进行，作“一边……一边……”讲。
[误] As he is young, he knows a lot.
[正] Young as he is, he knows a lot.
解析：as引导的让步状语从句应用倒装语序，应把表语提前。
2. that可引导多种从句，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等。
[误] You don’t like him is none of my business.
[正] Thatyou don’t like him is none of my business.
语安解析：that引导主语从句，本身无实际意义，但不能省略。
[误] The thief handed everything which西城杨柳弄春柔 he had stolen to the police.
[正] The thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
解析：everything是不定代词，因此后面的定语从句只能由that引导。
[误] I am happy asyou pasd the exam.
[正] I am happy thatyou pasd the exam.
解析：that在形容词后面引导宾语从句，不能用as。
3. where可引导多种从句，如定语从句、状语从句以及名词性从句。
[误] Go to find your watch. It’s there where you left it.
[正] Go to find your watch. It’s where you left it.
解析：where引导表语从句，相当于at the place where。
[误] The place wherethere is water, there is life.
[正] Wherethere is water, there is life.
解析：where引导地点状语从句，可以放在主句的前面，也可以放在主句的后面。
[误] I can’t remember in which place I met him.
[正] I can’t remember where I met him.
解析：where引导宾语从句，不能用in which。
4. what可引导感叹句、特殊疑问句、名词性从句等。
[误] Howan interesting story he told us!
[正] Whatan interesting story he told us!
解析：What an interesting story！= How interesting a story！
[误] I can’t remember the thing what he told me.
[正] I can’t remember what he told me.
解析：what引导宾语从句，相当于the thing that。
5. no matter + 与的区别：前者只能引导让步状语从句，而后者既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
[误] I will make friends with no matter who shares my interest.
[正] I will make friends with 小班公开课whoever shares my interest.
解析：引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。
[误] You must hand in no matter what you’ve found.
[正] You must hand in whatever you’ve found.
解析：引导名词性从句时只能用whatever。
6. whether和if的区别：两者引导名词性从句时都是从属连词，作“是否”讲，本身不作成分，
此时句子中往往出现表示“不肯定”意义的一些短语，如not sure/certain, not known/decided, ...is still question, depend on等。whether和if引导动词后的宾语从句时可互换，但下列情况一般只能用whether：孩子胃胀
(1)引导介词后的宾语从句；(2)引导主语从句；(3)引导表语从句；(4)引导同位语从句；(5)后面出现or not。
[误] Ifyou can pass the exam depends on how hard you work.
[正] Whetheryou can pass the exam depends on how hard you work.
解析：引导主语从句只能用whether。
三、关联副词
英语中有一类词，其作用和功能与连词有些类似，但又有区别，那就是关联副词。关联副词也是全国英语高考的考点之一，曾经出现过几次。这类题主要考虑前后逻辑意义的连贯，即重点考虑上下文意义的连贯，同时注意分析句中的时态等基础语法现象和相关词语的用法。做这类题，清楚地理解文章的来龙去脉和上下文意是最关键的！
1. 时间性副词
情绪化的人由考查过的a few hour before/earlier可联想到，也许会考a few hours ago (几小时前), then minutes later (十分钟后), afterwards (后来), the day after (次日), the day before (前一日), I had met him before (在那之前我就见过他了), than before (比以前), than ever (比以前), than ever before (比以往任何时候), since (从那时以来), ever since (从那时起到现在), and then (然后), till then (直到那时), by then (到那时为止), just then (就在那个时候), from then on (从那时期)等。
2. 逻辑性副词
由考过的anyway (无论如何)可联想到，也许会考anyhow (=anyway 无论如何、至少), however (然而), therefore (因此), thus (因此), besides (而且、还有、此外), though (可是、然而), too, also, instead等。
考点练透
1．（2022·广东梅县东山中学高三阶段练习）I just sat by the window watching the passin
接待的英文
g scene ________ I caught the eye of a waiter and ordered my meal.
