⾼中英语
Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅳ Learning about Language amp；
Using Language
[原⽂呈现][读⽂清障]
A FACT OR AN OPINION?
What is a fact? Is it something that people believe①？ No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other②country in the world. This is a fact.
Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved③. So an opinion is not good evidence④ in a trial⑤. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with⑥this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right.
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitness to believe and which not to believe⑦. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works⑧.He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which
①that引导定语从句，修饰something。
②any other 任何其他⼀个
more ... than any other ... 为⽐较级形式，却表达了最⾼级的含义，此处相当于has the most people of all the countries in the world。
在It can be proved that ... 句式中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。
③what引导表语从句，其中someone believes为插⼊语。
④evidence/'evId?ns/n.根据；证据
good evidence充分的证据
⑤trial/'traI?l/n.审判；审讯；试验
in a trial 在审判中
⑥agree with 赞成；同意(后接sb.或what sb. says)
agree with 还表⽰“与……⼀致；(⾷物、⽓候等)适合某⼈”。
⑦eyewitness/?aI'wItnIs/n.⽬击者；证⼈
谷歌浏览器崩溃
句中两个“which＋不定式”结构都作decide 的宾语。
⑧or 连接了由what和where引导的两个从句，作动词consider的并列宾语，其语序均为陈述语序。
⑨care about 在乎；在意；关⼼rather than ⽽不是
whether引导的从句作cares about的宾语；
must be facts rather than opinions
which引导⾮限制性定语从句。
⑨.This kind of information is called
evidence.
事实还是看法？
什么是事实呢？是不是⼈们所相信的就是事实呢？不是。事实是任何可以被证实的事。举例来说，中国⼈⼝⽐世界上任何其他⼀个国家的⼈⼝都多，这是可以被证实的，这就是事实。
那么，什么是看法呢？看法是⼈们相信是真实的，但是未经证实。因此在审判中，看法不是有说服⼒的证据。举例来说，如果你说“猫作为宠物⽐狗好”，这就是看法，这个看法可能是正确的，但是它难以被证实。有些⼈可能不同意这种看法，但是他们也不能证明他们是正确的。
在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证⼈可以相信，哪些证⼈不能相信。法官并不考虑每个证⼈的长相如何，也不考虑那个⼈住在哪⾥，或者在哪⼉⼯作。他/她关⼼的只是证⼈是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实⽽不是看法。这种信息就叫作证据。
Step 1Read the text and answer the following question.
What's the main idea of the passage？(no more than 10 words)
The passage is mainly about the_differences_between_a_fact_and_an_opinion. Step 2Choo the best answers according to the text.
1．What really is a fact according to the passage?
A．It is something that more than one person believes.
B．It is something that more than one person has en or done.土方开挖原则
C．It is anything that can be proved.
D．It is anything that is believed or accepted by most people.
2．China has the largest number of people in the world.________.
A．It is a fact B．It is an opinion
C．It is an evidence D．All the three
3．A judge must consider the eyewitness'________in a trial. A．appearance B．job
C．opinion D．facts
四国条约
4．How does the writer explain the two terms of “fact” and“opinion”？A．By giving examples. B．By giving definitions (定义)．
C．By giving evidence. D．Both A and B.
答案：1～4 CADD
⼀、这样记单词
记得准·写得对记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.local adj. 本地的；当地的
3.sailor n. ⽔⼿；海员；船员
4.debate n．&vi. 争论；辩论
6.sink vi. 下沉；沉下
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.painting n．绘画；画→paint v．油漆；绘画
河南社保查询2.evidence n．根据；证据→evident adj.清楚的；明⽩的；显⽽易见的；显然的
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车买保险rmal adj.⾮正式的→formal(反义词)正式的1．painting n．绘画；画
[同义] drawing, oil, picture, portrait [联想] 各种“中国画”的英语名称
①Chine Painting 中国画
②Chine Figure Painting 中国⼈物画
③Chine Bird-and-flower Painting 中国花鸟画
④Chine Landscape Painting 中国⼭⽔画
2.i→a→u型动词荟萃
①begin→began→begun
②drink→drank→drunk
③ring→rang→rung
④sing→sang→sung
⑤swim→swam→swum
⑥sink→sank→sunk
3.巧记“t→ce”构成的名词
①different→difference
②evident→evidence
③confident→confidence
④important→importance
⼆、这样记短语
记牢固定短语多积常⽤词块
1．take_apart 拆开2．care_about关⼼；介意；在乎3．rather_than⽽不是4．think_highly_of看重；器重5．agree_with同意
6．look_after照顾；照看1．at midnight 在午夜
2．the entrance to the mine 煤矿的⼊⼝处3．by the light of the moon 借着⽉光4．give one's opinion about 关于……发表某⼈的观点
5．cond-hand furniture shop ⼆⼿家具店6．for onelf 亲⾃
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通后仿⽤
1.One day he was looking in a cond-han d furniture shop when he ...
⼀天，他正在⼀家⼆⼿家具店⾥逛，这
时他突然……
be doing sth.
... when ... “正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。 He was_watching_TV_when there was a power failure. 他正在看电视，这时停电了。 2.For example, it can be proved that
China has more people than any other
country in the world.
举例来说，中国⼈⼝⽐世界上任何其他
⼀个国家的⼈⼝都多，这是可以被证实
的。
it 作形式主语，that 从句为真正的主语。 It_can_be_proved_that he is fit for the job. 他适合这项⼯作，这是可以被证实的。3.In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitness to believe and which not to believe.
在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证⼈可以
相信，哪些证⼈不能相信。
两个“疑问词＋
不定式”结构作decide 的宾语。 We haven't decided which_topic_to _talk_about. 我们还未决定谈论哪个话题。 4.Nor do I think they should give it
to any government.
我认为他们不应该将它给任何⼀个政
府。
否定词置于句⾸构成的倒装结构。 Never_has_he_been_to the
United States and Canada. 他从未去过美国和加拿⼤。
1．(教材P4)The old
man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.
⽼⼈看到⼀些德国⼈拆除并移⾛了琥珀屋。
take apart 拆开
①He took a radio apart yesterday but didn't know how to put it together again.
昨天他把⼀台收⾳机拆开了，但不知道怎么把它再装起来。
②The twins look so much alike that I can't tell_them_apart.
这对双胞胎看上去这么像，以⾄于我⽆法区分他们。
③Apart_from being too large, the trours don't suit me.
十二人的女教师这条裤⼦不但太⼤，⽽且我穿着也不合适。
2．(教材P5)So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial.
因此在审判中，看法不是有说服⼒的证据。
evidence n．[U，C]证据；根据；证明
有证据证明，户外活动对我们有好处。
②At prent we have no evidence (evident) of life on other planets.
⽬前我们没有在其他⾏星上存在⽣命的证据。
③It_is_evident_that his hou was completely destroyed in the earthquake.
很明显，他的房⼦在地震中被彻底摧毁了。
此间乐不思蜀
3．(教材P5)He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions.
他/她关⼼的只是证⼈是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实⽽不是看法。
rather than是……⽽不是；与其……倒不如
我们是在教室⾥开会，不是在⼤厅⾥。
②The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.
与其说她买的这件⽺⽑衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
③You rather than I are (be) going to go camping.
是你⽽不是我要去野营。
[名师点津]
would do ... rather than do ...would rather do ... than do ...prefer to do ... rather than do ...宁愿做……也不愿做…… 4．(教材P5)In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight.
在1945年4⽉，半夜⾥我听到有东西爆炸。
explode vi .爆炸
四川黄龙溪古镇
炸弹爆炸了，造成巨⼤损失。
②On eing his funny expression, we all exploded_with_laughter.
⼀看到他滑稽的表情，我们都⼀下⼦⼤笑起来。
③If the gas pipe explodes,_the explosion may do great damage to the buildings around.(explode)
如果管道发⽣爆炸，爆炸会对周围的楼房造成极⼤损害。
5．(教材P5)To my surpri the entrance to the mine was clod.
令我惊讶的是，通往矿井的⼊⼝被关闭了。
entrance n ．⼊⼝
main entrance .
作为报答，当地⼈在正门给外宾热情的接待。
②I'll wait for you at the entrance to the zoo tomorrow.
明天我会在动物园的⼊⼝处等你。
③He pasd the_college_entrance_examinations,_which made his parents very proud.
