大学生英语竞赛B类阅读理解专项强化真题试卷2 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1.
Friday 11 March 2011 started like any other day on Twitter. A celebrity story was trending that morning, along with business news about Google, when suddenly, at 12:46 a. m. , thousands of tweets started coming out of Tokyo. Something big had happened in the area, and Twitter was first to report it: a massive earthquake had hit Japan, followed by a huge tsunami. Eyewitness testimo-nies from cities rocked by the quake flooded the web, and then as the tsunami swept the coastline, people scrambled up bridges and buildings and posted footage on YouTube and Facebook. The camera work was shaky, but the content was compelling—their world was falling apart, yet they continued to film. Over the last few years, big news stories, such as the Japane earthquake in 2011 and Hurricane Sandy in 2012 have been reported mainly by ordinary individuals. It was citizen journalists armed with smartphones who brought the stories to the world. Mobile technology has enabled people at the scene of the event to post videos, photos and commentaries more quickly tha
n paid journalists. The landscape of reporting and of deciding what is newsworthy has changed: news organizations and their reporters no longer t the agenda. The content of the news has changed too, as stories told by citizen journalists are often more personal and have more emotional appeal. Unlike investigative journalism, the blog posts and tweets ldom include background information or give a broad overview. People haven’t got time to collect and scrutinize facts or explore the bigger picture. But in other ways, citizen journalism supports investigative journalism. It is now easier for ordinary people to expo corruption and cover-ups in government and private companies. In Africa, a virtual noticeboard called Mimiboard helps people to report rigged elections and human rights abus. The noticeboards create pressure for change and reform, and sometimes they work—corrupt government officials have changed their working conditions. But becau of the risks involved, Mimiboard relies on anonymous posts, and anonymous publishing comes with its own t of challenges: it makes it very difficult to verify information. The freedom to publish whatever we want is exciting and empowering, but there are rious ethical implications. Unlike traditional journalism, citize
n journalism is largely unregulated, with little or no accountability—there is no one to check the facts or trace sources. People can spread rumours or anonymously post a defamatory article and get away with it. Becau posts are rarely checked and verified, citizen journalism is more vulnerable to scams and can help to spread fal information. Citizen journalism is still finding its way. Yet, despite the challenges, this new way of reporting news has had a largely positive and democratizing effect. Armed with our smartphones, we are now telling our own stories, controlling our own destinies and creating impact and change around the world. “快2The choice we face,”安全教育周 says Clay Shirky, professor in new media at New York University, 一本二本三本的分数线“ isn’t whether or not this is the media environment we want to operate in. This is the environment we’ve got. The question we all face now is ‘ How can we make the best u of this media?’ “ Questions 56 to 60Mark each statement as either true(T)or fal(F)according to the passage.
1． People first learned about the 2011 Japane earthquake from clear, stable pictures and videos posted on the Internet the moment it happened.
A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：B
解析：根据原文第一段，人们在灾难发生的第一瞬间就将状态通过YouTube和Facebook向所有人报道。由“The camera work was shaky，but the content was compelling”可知，拍摄的画面并不清晰。本题表述与文章意思不符，因此错误。
2． Smartphones play an important role in accelerating the spreading of news and changing the content of news.
A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：A
解析：原文第二段讲到智能手机在日本地震中起到的作用。根据该段中的“It was citizenjournalists armed with smartphones who brought the stories to the world”可知，手持智能电话的市民将消息带到世界，而不是真正的记者们。第三段表明，新闻的内容也变了，人们没有时间去搜集新闻的事实，往往使得公开的信息“ldom include back-ground information or give a broad overview(很少包含了背景信息或者给予总述)”。题干描述与文章意思一致，因此正确。
3． People in Africa can get access to Mimiboard by computer to fight against environment pollution and government corruption.
A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：B
解析：原文谈到Mimiboard的地方在倒数第三段，根据此段第三句中的“Mimiboard helpspeople to report rigged elections and human rights abus”可知，Mimiboard是一个
可以让人匿名举报操控选举和侵犯人权的平台，并不包括环境污染。本题表述与文章意思不符，因此错误。
4． The author believes that the positive side of citizen journalism outweighs the negative.
A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：A
解析：原文倒数第二段中指出了公民新闻(citizen journalism)的弊端，但是最后一段中作者指出“despite the challenges，this new way of reporting news has had a largely positive anddemocratizing effect”，由此可知，作者对全民新闻持积极态度。题干描述与文章意思一致，因此正确。
5． The biggest problem of citizen journalism is the lack of credibility and fal information may go unchecked.
A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：A
解析：原文倒数第二段指出公民新闻的弊端，根据其中的“citizen journalism is largely unregulated，with little or no accountability—there is no one to check the facts or trace sources”可知，作者认为的最大弊端就是缺乏可信度，虚假信息无人管。题干描述与文章意思一致，因此正确。
赵丽颖个人资料
London, England—Virtually every country in Europe is in an immigration mess. Governments are trying to balance the concerns of their citizens, their country’s economic problems, and the humanitarian needs of immigrants. Native-born Europeans are worrying that their cultures and economies are being harmed by immigrants. Meanwhile, the immigrants keep coming. Some come looking for asylum becau of racial, religious, or political oppression in their native lands. Others are trying to escape gr
inding poverty or war at home. With fifteen million people unemployed in the European Union(EU)alone, outsiders are often rented. Some people fear that asylum ekers are too expensive for the EU’s social welfare systems. Others are worried that economic migrants may take their jobs. Still others worry about the weakening of traditional local cultures in places where there are large numbers of immigrants. Right-wing parties in Austria, Denmark and Belgium have successfully campaigned against immigration , using fear of the loss of national identity. Meanwhile, criminals are making money on the desperation of would-be immigrants. People-smuggling has become a highly organized and profitable business. Becau smugglers care little for the people they are transporting, tragedies sometimes result. Even if they survive the trip, illegals are often mistreated in sweatshops, where they work for much less than normal wages in terrible conditions. Some of them spend decades paying back the transportation fees. Women and children are sometimes forced into x slavery and prostitution. To make matters even more confusing, there is another side to immigration. Many European countries have a shortage of skilled workers in areas like information technology. “We need immigr
ation,” declared German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder recently. Barbara Roche, the UK’s immigration minister, has made it easier for non-British students to stay. “7天便利店In the past we have thought purely about immigration control,” she said. “Now we need to think about immigration management. directs“ High-tech workers are not the only ones who are needed. Some countries are short of cheap manual labor, too. In Spain, who population is decreasing, North Africans work on the farms, while Poles and Romanians do construction work. Retirement programs need immigrants, too. In most European nations, people are living longer and having fewer children. Governments will not be able to pay retirees without large-scale immigration. Jean-Pierre Chevenement, the former French interior minister, said Europe will need 50 million to 75 million immigrants during the next 50 years. In Italy there were eight workers to every retiree in the 1950s. There are fewer than four today and, without immigration, the figure will drop to 1. 5 by 2050. Likewi, Germany will need three million immigrants a year to maintain the current ratio of workers to retirees. Faced with the facts, it is not surprising that the European Union has said zero-immigration policies are inappropriate. One official states, “Our aim i
s to open as large a debate as possible on immigration and asylum. “ Questions 56 to 60 Mark each statement as either true(T)or fal(F)according to the passage.
6． Two reasons for natives against immigration are mentioned in the passage.
A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：B
解析：原文第二段提到了当地人反对移民的原因：第一，欧盟的社会福利系统负荷不了这么多的避难者；第二，移民可能会跟他们抢工作；第三，大量外地移民的迁入可能会冲击当地的传统文化。这里提到了3条原因，而不是2条，因此题干表述错误。
7． Many immigrants are concerned about the loss of their national identity.
水云身A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：B
解析：原文第三段提到“澳大利亚、丹麦和比利时的右翼党派已经成功采取行动反对移民，因为他们害怕失去民族认同感”，由此可以推断，担心失去民族认同感的是澳大利亚、丹麦和比利时的右翼党派，而不是移民。因此题干表述错误。
8． The aging of the population aggravates the need for immigrant workers.
A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：A
解析：倒数第二段第一句和第二句提到“退休计划需要移民。在大多数欧洲国家，人们的寿命更长久，孩子却越来越少。没有大规模的移民，政府将没有能力付钱给退休人员。”从这里可以推测，欧盟国家人口老龄化加重了对移民工人的需求。因此题干表述正确。
9． EU countries are trying to create a balanced immigration policy.雪梨炖冰糖的功效
A．TRUE
B．FALSE
正确答案：A
解析：第一段第二句提到“政府试图去平衡公民的担忧”，原文最后一段提到“面对这些事实，欧盟的零移民政策不恰当的说法就不足为奇了。一位官员称：‘我们的目标是尽可能开展一场关于移民与庇护的大辩论。’”，可以看出欧洲国家正试图寻找一种相对平衡的移民政策。因此题干表述正确。
