形容词的原级,比较级和最高级
一、形容词概念
二、形容词比较级和最高级的意义
三、形容词比较级的用法
四、形容词的最高级的用法
五、形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
六、形容词/副词及原级/比较级/最高级习题
一、形容词概念
形容是用来修饰物体的形状,大小,长度,属性,特点等,一般位于名词的前面。
如:
1.He is a hard-working student.(努力的→特点)
2.Our English teacher has long hair.(长的→长度)
3.The elephants are very big, and the mice are very small.(大的、小的→大小)
二、形容词比较级和最高级的意义
英语中的形容词和副词,在句子里表示“比较……”、“最……”时,要用特别的形式,即:比较级和最高级。原来的形式称为原级。
如: long longer longest
原级 比较级 最高级
1.The black pen is very long. 黑色的钢笔很长。
2.The blue pen is longer than the black one. 蓝色的钢笔比黑色的长。
3.The red pen is the longest of the three. 红色的钢笔是三支中最长的。
三、形容词比较级的用法
表示两者间的比较用比较级。其常见句式有:
1.孕妇吃猪肝“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。
如:This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。
注意:
① 在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。
②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”。
如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.
③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。
2.“become + 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级”是“变得越来越……”的意思,and连接同一个形容词的比较级。
如:It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。
注:表示“越来越……”时,若比较级是“原级 + er”构成的,则常用“比较级 + and + 比较级”形式;若比较级是“more + 原级”构成的,需用“more and more + 原级形式”。
如:Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。
3.在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
如:Who is taller, Tim or Tom? 谁更高,Tim还是Tom?
四、形容词的最高级的用法
形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:of the three, in our class等等。
如:He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。
注意
形容词最高级前一定要有定冠词the。
五、形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
1.规则变化
单音节词,少数双音节词及以y结尾的词 | 一般情况下,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est; | 如small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest |
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est; | 如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest thin→thinner→thinnest |
以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st; | 如:late→later→latest nice→nicer→nicest |
以“辅音字母+y英语歌曲下载”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est; | 如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest |
部分双音节词和多音节词 | 比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most; | 如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different |
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2.不规则变化
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
good/well | better | best |
bad/ill | wor | worst |
old | elder/older | eldest/oldest |
many/much | more | most |
little | less | least |
far | further/farther | furthest/farthest |
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六、形容词/副词及原级/比较级/最高级习题
1. 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。
1.small | | | 21.late | | |
2.short | | | 22.nice | | |
3.tall | | | 23.large | | |
4.young | | | 24.heavy | | |
5.long | 面积的进率 | | 25.early | | |
6.strong | | | 26.easy | | |
7.light | | | 27.busy | | |
8.low | | | 28.slowly | | |
9.high | | | 29.pretty | | |
10.slow | | | 30.funny | | |
11.fast | | | 31.dirty | | 排污许可证申请 |
12.high | | | 32.beautiful | | |
13.hard | | | 33.interesting | | |
14.cheap | | | 34.expensive | | |
15.bright | | | 35.important | | |
16.dark | | | 36.different | | |
17.cool | | | 37.excited | | |
18.fat | | | 38.good/ well | | |
19.big | | | 39.bad/ill | | |
20.thin | 开渔节 | | 脑筋急转弯240.far | | |
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21.hot | | | 41.old | | |
| | | 42.many/much | | |
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2. 根据句意填入单词的正确形式。
1.My brother is two years _________ (old) than me.
2. Is your sister _________ (young) than you? Yes,she is.
3. Who is __________ (thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
4. Who pencil-box is _________ (big),yours or hers? Hers is.
5.Ben jumps ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
6.Does Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she does.
7.My eyes are __________(big) than hers.
龚茜彤
8.Which is __________ (heavy),the elephant or the pig?
9.Who gets up ________ (early),Tim or Tom?
10.Do the girls get up_______(early) than the boys? No,they______.
11.Jim runs _____ (slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
3. 选择正确的词填空。
Sarah is 12 years ________ (old,older).She is one year ________ (older,oldest) than me.But I am 0.1 meter ________ (taller, tallest) than her.She studies in Guangzhou interational Shool.She studies ________ (harder,hardest) in her class.Everyone likes her.
Yesterday ,she was ill.She took some medicine and she feels ________ (good,better) now.
4. 选择。
( )1. The yellow shoes are than the blue ones.
A.expensive | B. expensiver | C. more expensive |
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( )2. A cow is bigger than a mou.
( )3. Who’s the ,Jean,Joan or Jennet?
A.thinner | B.thinest | C.thinnest |
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( )4. Tim is than Jack.
A.funny | B.much funny | C.funnier |
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( )5. I’m taller than others in my class.I’肚子左边疼是怎么回事m .
A.tall | B.tallest | C.the tallest |
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( )6. Who can sing better Ro?
( )7. I have books than you have.
( )8. His uncle’s hou is very .
( )9. My bike is ,but his bike is .
A.new,new | B.new,newer | C.new,newest |
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( )10. Plea clean your room.It’s now.
5. 翻译句子。