Period Four Grammar—The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative
感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题
1．But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people expod to cholera. 2ynrsksw．He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. 3．From the stomach the dia quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. 4．He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 5．Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confud. 6．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. |
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什么是石英表
1．以上句子中，句3和句6中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；句1和句4中为过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。
2．句2和句5中的过去分词在句中作表语。
一、过去分词作定语
1．意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river一条被污染的河流
the watered flowers浇过水的花
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
fallen leaves落叶
the rin sun升起的太阳
2．位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dresd in white is my daughter.
＝The student who is dresd in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。
注意：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：
(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。
The question discusd was very important.
讨论过的那个问题很重要。
The hou standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.启动服务命令矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
2．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别
意义 失眠吃什么中成药形式 | 语态 | 时态 | 烦心事图片
done | 被动 | 完成 |
being done | 被动 | 进行 |
| 十字相乘法怎么用 to be done | 被动 | 尚未发生 |
| | |
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
二、过去分词作表语
1．意义：用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。
She looked disappointed.她看上去很失望。
We were encouraged at the news.
听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。
2．过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：
3．感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别。
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。常用的这类词有：
We were surprid at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
His words were discouraging，which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
单句语法填空
1民情日记．I quickly lower mylf，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged(challenge)．(2018·全国Ⅲ)
2．Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time spent(spend) with his students.(2017·北京)
3．I was the first Western TV reporter permitted(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016·全国Ⅰ)
4．To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.(2016·浙江)
5．In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a cret message hidden(hide) within the work.(2016·江苏)
6．Do you find yourlf getting impatient or annoyed(annoy) with people over unimportant things？(2016·上海)
Ⅰ.昨晚英文单句语法填空
1．When I entered his room，he was buried(bury) in his books.
2．Some of the people invited(invite) to the party couldn’t come.
3．He is talking with a man called(call) Mr Wang.
4．He was discouraged(discourage) when he heard his mother’s words.
5．The cars being sold(ll) at the market now are made in Guangzhou.
6．Tsinghua University, founded(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
7．The three guns stolen(steal) from the police station were found in the hou.
8．The muum, located(locate) next to the Wuzhen scenic spot，covers an area of 5,000 square meters.
9．In 2011，a film，Soul Surfer, bad(ba) on her experiences，was relead and made a hit immediately.
10．The cart got stuck(stick) in the mud，but the farmer made no effort to get it out.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
11．Prices of goods through a computer can be lower than some store prices.
12．At last，the father came to the small school.
13．Tom was very when he heard the news.
14．He told me the news in an voice that day.
15．Most of us liked the film by a young director.
Ⅲ.句型转换
16．A thief stole the goat tied to the tree.
→A thief stole the goat which was tied to the tree.
17．Father beat the son who was lost in the online games.
→Father beat the son lost in the online games.
18．This project，which was designed by the Chine engineers，was constructed in only two years.
