THE FIGURE OF SPEECH
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1.Alliteration 头韵
Repetition of an initial consonant sound.不吉利的床尺寸
How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jery is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.
他如何和为什么来到新泽西州的普林斯顿是一个充满奋斗、成功和令人伤心的一段经历。
2.Anaphora 首语重复法
Repetition of the same word or phra at the beginning of successive claus or vers. (Contrast with epiphora and epistrophe.)
3.Antithesis 对仗
The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phras.
林梦梦
4.Apostrophe 省略
Breaking off discour to address some abnt person or thing, some abstract quality, an inanimate object, or a nonexistent character.
5.Assonance 谐音；类韵
Identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words.
6.Chiasmus 交错配列
A verbal pattern in which the cond half of an expression is balanced against the first but with the parts reverd.
7.Euphemism 委婉语
The substitution of an inoffensive term for one considered offensively explicit.
8.Hyperbole 夸张
An extravagant statement; the u of exaggerated terms for the purpo of emphasis or heightened effect.
香酥带鱼
When I told our father about this, his heart burst.
当我将这件事告诉我们的父亲时，他的心几乎要迸出来。
9.Irony 讽刺；反语
The u of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. A statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or prentation of the idea.
Well, of cour, I knew that gentlemen like you carry only large notes.
啊，当然，我知道像你这样的先生只带大票子。
奶奴小小10.Litotes 曲言；间接肯定法
A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expresd by negating its opposite.
什么叫有机食品
11.Metaphor 暗喻；隐喻
An implied comparison between two unlike things that actually have something important in common.
German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells
德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
12.Metonymy 借代
A figure of speech in which one word or phra is substituted for another with which it is cloly associated; also, the rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by referring to things around it.
A. Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himlf was coming to 几年以后，他们听说拿破仑要亲自来视察他们。
“word”在这里代替了“news, information”（消息、信息）
B．Al spoke with his eyes, “yes”. 艾尔用眼睛说，“是的”。
找相同
“说”应该是嘴的功能，这里实际上是用眼神表达了“说话的意思”。
13.Onomatopoeia 拟声
The u of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.
On the root of the school hou some pigeons were softly cooing.
在学校房屋的屋顶上一些鸽子正轻轻地咕咕叫着
14.Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法
A figure of speech in which incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side.
15.Paradox 悖论；反论
A statement that appears to contradict itlf.
16.Personification 拟人
A figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstraction is endowed with human qualities or abilities.
My only worry was that January would find me hunting for a job again. 我唯一担心的是，到了一月份我又得去找工作。
英语里常把“年”“月”“日”人格化，赋以生命，使人们读起来亲切生动。
17.Pun 双关语
A play on words, sometimes on different ns of the same word and sometimes on the similar n or sound of different words.
Napoleon was astonished. ”Either you are mad, or I am,”he declared. “Both，sir!” cried the Swede proudly.
“Both”一词一语双关，既指拿破仑和这位士兵都是疯子，又指这位战士参加过拿破仑指挥的两次战役。
番泻叶能减肥吗
担忧的反义词18.Simile 明喻
A stated comparison (usually formed with "like" or "as") between two fundamentally dissimilar things that have certain qualities in common.
It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
19.Synecdoche 提喻法（以部分代指全部或以全部代指部分）
A figure of speech in which a part is ud to reprent the whole (for example, ABCs for alphabet) or the whole for a part ("England won the World Cup in 1966").
The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men. 长城不仅是用石头和土建造的，而且是用几百万人的血和肉建成的。
句中的“the flesh and blood”喻为“the great sacrifice”（巨大的牺牲）
20.Understatement 保守称述
A figure of speech in which a writer or a speaker deliberately makes a situation e
m less important or rious than it is.
