Unit 1 Our living planet
一、重点单词与短语：
1.evolve vi. & vt.进化，演化；(使)逐渐形成，逐步开展，逐渐演变(P2,L16)①evolve from从进化/演化而来
②evolve into逐步开展成为devolution n.进化；演变，开展，渐进[u]
Revolutionary adj.进化的，演变的，逐渐开展的Revolutionist n.进化论者
典题赏析：
1)It is believed that humans apes.
一般认为人是从类人猿进化而来的。
2)The company a major chemical manufacturer.
这家公司已逐步开展成为一家大型的化工厂。
3)Today we learned Darwin's theory of(evolve).
2.capture vt.俘获，捕获；用武力夺取，攻取；夺得，赢得；引起，吸引n.(被)捕获，(被)俘获(P2, L17)
①capture one's attention/interest/imagination 引起某人的注意/兴趣/想象②capture one's heart赢得某人的好感/爱意
典题赏析：
1)Government troops have succeeded in capturing the rebel leader. 意为：
2)Nanjing was captured by the Japane troops in 1937. 什么奶粉好意为：
3)The young man captured the beautiful girl's heart at the first sight. 大巫见小巫意为：
4)His stories of foreign adventure captured my imagination. 意为：
5)The two soldiers somehow managed to avoid capture, 意为：
3.in equal measure 在同样程度上(P2, L18)①in full measure最大程度地，最大限度地
②in large/some measure在很大/某种程度上③for good measure作为额外增添，额外，外加
©beyond measure非常(多、大等)，极其⑤full/short measure足量/缺乏量
@take/adopt measures to do sth.采取措施干某事⑦take/get sb/s measure (= take/get the measure of sb.)量某人的尺寸；摸清某人的内幕
⑧make…to one's measure按某人的尺寸做典题赏析：
1)Do you agree that the role of television is to entertain and inform? 你同意电视的作用是在同等程度上娱乐和传播信息吗？
2)They returned our hospitality.
他们对我们报以最大程度的热情。
3)Her work has improved.
她的工作已大有进步。
4)She tasted the mixture and added another glass of brandy.
湖北九宫山她尝了尝搀兑的酒，然后又加进去一杯白兰地。
5)He asked the tailor to make a suit.
他叫裁缝照着他的尺寸做了一套衣服。
4.scarce adj.缺乏的，稀少的adv.勉强,刚；几乎不,简直不(P3, L27)
①make onelf scarce躲开，回避，溜走A scarcely adv.晒课网勉强，刚；几乎不，简直不
©刚一就典题赏析：
1）Fruit was always （稀少）in winter ,and cost a lot.
2）他刚放下 ，门铃就响了。
He when the doorbell rang.
Scarcely when the doorbell rang.
3）It probably would be a good idea if you
你最好回避一下。
5.spare no effort in sth.在某方面不遗余力（P5, L4）①spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力干某事
典题赏析：
1）I firmly believe that we will spare no effort（reduce） our carbon footprint.
2）Many countries have spared no effort deep-a exploration.
6.pave vt.（用砖石）铺（地）（P5,L13）©pave the way for （为）铺平道路，创造条件
典题赏析：
1） This decision changes in employment rights for women.
这项决议为修改妇女就业权利创造了条件。
7.leap n.跳跃，跳高；骤变，激增
vt. & vi.
骤增，猛涨（leapt-leapt/leaped-leaped） （P6, L2）①a leap year闰年②a leap in the dark冒险举动,轻举妄动，瞎闯
③by/in leaps and bounds非常迅速地，突飞猛进地©leap to one\ feet赶紧站起来
⑤leap to one's assistance/defence赶紧去帮助某人/赶紧去为某人辩护⑥look before you leap 三思而后行
⑦leap at赶紧抓住，迫不及待地承受（时机、提议等）典题赏析：
1）Wendy leapt his assistance.
2）I leaped the chance to go to France.
3）Their move to Latin America was. 他们迁居拉丁美洲是件冒险的事。
4）Her health has improved.
她的安康状况迅速好转。
护士分级
5）No matter what you want to do, plea.
不管你们想做什么事，请三思而后行。
8.Spillvi.&vt (使)快速旋转；(使)急转身,急转弯;纺线，纺纱(spun-spun) n.高速旋转[c/u] (P6, L3)①spin round/around急转身，急转弯，猛转回头
②spin a story/yarn/line 编造故事③spin…into… 把纺成
© 用纺成⑤spin off (from sth.)脱胎(于某事物)，(从某事物)派生，衍生，随之
而产生
⑥spin out拉长，拖长⑦in a spin晕头转向；急得团团转；十分冲动
典题赏析：
1)The ice skater faster and faster.滑冰者转得越来越快。
2)The woman sat by the window.那位妇女坐在窗前纺线。
3)She spun silk thread.
She spun thread silk.她把蚕丝纺成线。
4)The products favourite books.
这些产品是从一些畅销书中衍生出来的。
5)I'm paid by the hour, so I the work as long as I can.
我拿计时工资，所以我尽量把工作拖长。
6)Her resignation put her colleagues.她的辞职令同事们摸不着头脑。
9.lay down积存；规定，制定；放下，停止使用；中断（工作），辞（职）,放弃（P6,L11）
典题赏析：
1）好听的古诗名字It is laid down that all candidates must submit three copies of their disrtation.
意为：
2）If you eat too much, the surplus is laid down as fat. 意为：
3）She laid the book down on the table. 意为：
4）He laid down his work and had a rest. 意为：
10.to put it simply （=put simply）简单地说（P8, L8）典题赏析：
1）（简单地说）,we accept their offer or go bankrupt.
11.as yet 四年级生字表直到现在（ph,l6）①as usual像往常一样
②as a whole作为整体，总体上③as expected像期望的那样
©as a result/conquence 结果，因止匕（Das a result/conquence of 因为，由于
@as for/to关于，至于⑦as if/though似乎，好似
⑧as far as就而言，据⑨as follows如下
⑩as long as只要⑪is well as也；和；不但而且
⑮s a matter of fact 事实上典题赏析：
1）（至U 目前为止）,no man has t foot on Mars.
2）——Do you mind my opening the window? It's a bit hot in here.
一Yes, I do, （事实上）.［全国卷n］比热容计算公式（至于）tax, that will be deducted from your salary.
3）One's life has value （只要）one brings value to the life of others.【江苏卷】Don't handle the va （似乎，好似）it were made of steel.
4）The father as well as his three children（go） skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 【辽宁卷】Amy, as well as her brothers,（give） a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.【江苏卷】
