【知识点汇总】新人教版必修一Unit 4 Natural disasters
【词汇短语】
1. What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? (P48)
救援人员和士兵们正在洪灾地区做什么？
rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n. & vt.营救；救援
【搭配】
rescue ... from ... 把……从……解救出来
come/go to the/sb’s rescue 挽救（搭救）某人；救助某人，给某人救急
【例句】
A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.
一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。
“Never for a cond,” the boy says, “did I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.”
那个男孩说：“我从来没有怀疑过父亲会来救我”。
She died trying to rescue her children from the blaze.
她在试图从大火中救出自己的孩子时身亡。
2. Which buildings were damaged in Seoul? (P48)
首尔的哪些建筑物受到了破坏？
damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失
【搭配】
badly/riously damaged 严重受损
do/cau damage to ... 对……造成损害/破坏
【例句】
Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
不要为了好身材而损害你的健康。
My car was badly damaged, but luckily the kids were not riously hurt.
我的车受损严重，但庆幸的是孩子们伤得并不重。
He was hit by a car and suffered rious brain damage.
他被车撞了，脑部严重损伤。
3. 2,400 homes destroyed (P49)
2400所住宅被摧毁了
destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ vt.摧毁；毁灭（有时也可引申为毁掉信仰、希望等）
【例句】
The Old Summer Palace was destroyed in the fire in 1860 and a number of cultural relics were lost. 圆明园被1860年的那场大火摧毁了，很多文物也丢失了。
The failure in physics emed to have completely destroyed her confidence.
在物理学科上的失败似乎彻底摧毀了她的自信。
【拓展】
destroyer n.破坏者
destruction n.破坏，摧毁
destructive adj.毁灭性的
4. 82 killed, 500,000 affected (P49)
82人死亡，50万人受到影响
affect /əˈfekt/ vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动
【例句】
When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me riously.
50岁时，我的体重问题开始严重影响我的健康。
People were deeply affected by the news of the famous host Li Yong’s death.
著名主持人李咏去世的消息使人们悲伤不已。
The dia affects millions of people in the world every year.
每年全世界有数百万人感染这种疾病。
【拓展】
effect n.效应，影响，结果
have an effect on ... 使发生，引起
5. Shelters t up by the government (P49)
政府建立了避难所
shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n.避难所；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避（风雨或危险）【搭配】
shelter sb/sth (from ...) 保护/庇护某人/某物（免受……）
shelter from ... 躲避……
【例句】
小孩止咳药All around me, people were eking shelter from the rain.
我周围的人都在寻找避雨之处。
They plant herbs next to the wall to shelter them from the sunlight.
他们把药草种在墙边以避免阳光照射。
We sat in the shade, sheltering from the sun.
我们坐在背阴处，避免被晒到。
美女的图片6. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. (P50)
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
ruin /ˈru:ɪn/ n. & vt.破坏；毁坏
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
fall into ruin 衰落，败落
ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途
【例句】
When they returned to the hometown the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.
第二天回到家乡的时候，他们发现他们的街区变成了废墟。38妇女节
A large number of schools fell into ruin after the war.
战争过后，许多学校都毁了。
This mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.
这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
7. People were in shock— and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. (P50)
人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。
shock /ʃɒk/ n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.（使）震惊
【搭配】
in (a state of) shock 震惊，吃惊
give sb a shock 让某人吃惊
a great/terrible shock 令人非常震惊的事物/非常可怕的事物
【例句】
He’s still in a state of shock after witnessing the accident.
目睹了这场事故后，他至今还惊魂未定。
祛痰食物It will give him a shock when he knows how muck you’ve spent.
炒冬瓜的做法当他知道你花了多少钱时，他会大吃一惊的。
It was a great shock to hear that the factory would have to clo.
听说工厂将被迫关闭，真是很震惊。
8. Soon after the quakes, the army nt 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out tho who were trapped and to bury the dead. (P50)
地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
trap /træp/
(1) vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套
【搭配】
be trapped in 困在……中，陷入……
trap sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人（做）某事
The car was trapped in the deep snow.
汽车陷入了厚厚的积雪中。
The liar trapped me into believing his story.
这个骗子诱骗我相信他的故事。
(2) n.险境；陷阱
【搭配】
lay/t a trap for 为……设下圈套
fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套
fall into the trap of doing sth 落入做某事的陷阱，陷入做某事的误区
【例句】
We t traps in the field for the mice.
我们在田里设下了老鼠夹子。
She had t a trap for the enemy and they walked straight into it.
她给敌人设下了圈套，他们就径直钻了进去。
I fell into the trap of putting work before family.
我误以为工作比家庭重要。
8. Soon after the quakes, the army nt 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out tho who were trapped and to bury the dead. (P50)
地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。
bury /ˈberi/ vt.埋葬；安葬
【搭配】
bury ... in ... 把……埋到……里
bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
【例句】
All his family are buried in the same graveyard.
他的家人全都埋葬在同一个墓地里。
The dog buried its bone in the garden.
狗把骨头埋在了花园里。
She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.
当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。
9. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, ... (P50) 有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，……
effort /ˈefət/ n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
make an effort/make efforts 做出努力
make every effort to do sth = spare no effort to do sth 尽全力做某事
without effort 毫不费力地
【例句】
What’s the point, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himlf?
如果他自己不努力，那你觉得帮他又有什么用呢？
He spared no effort to make her happy again.
为使她重新快乐起来，他想尽了办法。
He lifted the big rock without effort.
他毫不费力地举起了这块大石头。
10. Some were found alive, though they were suffering from terrible injuries, ... (P51)烧卖皮怎么做
一些人被发现还活着，尽管受了重伤，……
suffer /ˈsʌfə/ vt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
楚才杯
【搭配】
suffer from 遭受……
【例句】
Though he is only 15, he suffers much pain.
尽管他才15岁，却遭受了很多痛苦。
The factory suffered rious damage in the fire.
那个工厂在火灾中损失惨重。
She has been suffering from the loss of memory since she had that car accident.
自从那次车祸以来，她便患了失忆症。
【拓展】
suffer n.受苦者，受难者，患病者
suffering n.疼痛，折磨
【例句】
This war has caud widespread human suffering.
这场战争给许许多多的人带来了苦难。
11. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
(P52)
提供给灾区的补给品来自全国各地。时间碎片
supply /səˈplaɪ/ n.供给（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品vt.供应；供给
【搭配】
supply sb/sth with sth = supply sth to sb/sth 向……提供某物
