【外刊阅读】科技带给我们的沮丧
这篇⽂章是《经济学⼈》年底特别的假期版，我特别⾃信的敢说我这⾥是全⽹发出的全⽂+释义的第⼀个！美国时间今天早上刚发出来的！这篇⼜是我挑的Leaders版块的第⼀篇，可见其重要和可读性哦！
这篇⽂章⽐...较...难。所以我分成两次放到这⾥，今天先放上前五段。为什么难，如果就是理解意思来说，就还可以不算特别难，⼤家应该知道，⼼⾥明⽩⽐⽤⽂字表达出来难度要低⼀个层次。但是翻译的话你要考虑措施就把难度⼤⼤增加了。这篇⽂章介绍的是飞速发展的科技带给我们的担忧甚⾄沮丧。作者从近⼏年⽕热起来的⼿机叫车，互联⽹做银⾏业务，银⾏希望转成互联⽹公司，还有零点经济，社交媒体等等来说明了这些不断发展、变化的背后是科技在起作⽤，科技带来巨⼤便利的同时也给我们带来了很多担忧，真是bittersweet。
九⽉特别建议⼤家好好读⼀读，我基本上翻译第⼀段的时候就被吸引了。对学习和了解最新资讯都是⾮常棒的阅读材料！明天我放上后半部分！
Technology and society
科技与社会
Pessimism v progress
悲观v进步
Contemporary worries about the impact of technology are part of a historical pattern
当代对技术影响的担忧是历史模式的⼀部分
pessimism /'pɛsɪmɪzəm/ n. 悲观、悲观情绪、悲观主义
comtemporary /kən'tɛmpərɛri/ adj. 当代的
Faster, cheaper, better—technology is one field many people rely upon to offer a vision of a brighter future. But as the 2020s dawn, optimism is in short supply. The new technologies that dominated the past decade em to be making things wor. Social media were suppod to bring people together. In the Arab spring of 2011 they were hailed as a liberating force. Today they are better known for invading privacy, spreading propaganda and undermining democracy. E-commerce, ride-hailing and the gig economy may be convenient, but they are charged with underpaying workers, exacerbating inequality and clogging the streets with vehicles. Parents worry that smartphones have turned their children into screen-addicted zombies.
· dawn 我们熟知的意思是“黎明、破晓”，这⾥的意思是动词，表⽰“开始”
· Arab spring“阿拉伯之春”是媒体创造出来⼀个短语，⽤以描述⾃2011年初开始发⽣在阿拉伯世界的⼀系列平民暴动。· ride-hailing 叫车
金色童年· gig economy零⼯经济，指⼯作量不多的⾃由职业者构成的经济领域，他们利⽤互联⽹和移动技术快速匹配供需⽅，⽐如滴滴司机等。
· exacerbate [ɪɡˈzæsərbeɪt] v. 使恶化、使加剧
· clog [klɑːɡ] v.堵塞，使阻塞
· zombies [ˈzɑmbiz] n. ⿇⽊迟钝的⼈，毫⽆⽣⽓的⼈。⼤家熟知的这个词的意思是“僵⼫”
更快，更便宜，更好——科技是许多⼈赖以为更美好的未来提供愿景的领域。但随着21世纪20年代的开始，难以保持乐观。在过去⼗年中占主导地位的新科技似乎使情况变的更糟了。社交媒体本来应该把⼈们聚到⼀起。2011年的阿拉伯之春，它们被誉为解放⼒量。如今，它们以侵犯隐私、散播宣传和破坏民主⽽闻名。电⼦商务、⽹络叫车和零⼯经济或许很⽅便，但它们也被指控⽀付⼯资过低，加剧了不平等，⽤车辆堵塞了街道。家长们担⼼智能⼿机已经把孩⼦们变成了屏幕上瘾、⿇⽊迟钝的⼈。
The technologies expected to dominate the new decade also em to cast a dark shadow. Artificial intelligence (ai) may well entrench bias and prejudice, threaten your job and shore up authoritarian r
ulers. 5g is at the heart of the Sino-American trade war. Autonomous cars still do not work, but manage to kill people all the same. Polls show that internet firms are now less trusted than the banking industry. At the very moment banks are striving to rebrand themlves as tech firms, internet giants have become the new banks, morphing from talent magnets to pariahs. Even their employees are in revolt.
· entrench v. 牢固地确⽴
· shore up ⽀持，⽀撑
· all the same 仍然
· rebrand v. 重塑，给…⼀个新的名称
· morphing ['mɔ:fiŋ] n. 变形
· pariah /pə'raɪə/ n. 被社会遗弃者
· revolt /rɪ'volt/ n. v. 造反，起义
炒萝卜干
预计会主导新⼗年的科技似乎也投下了阴影。⼈⼯智能很可能会加深偏见和成见，威胁你的⼯作，⽀持独裁统治者。
齐孝公
5G是中美贸易战的核⼼。⽆⼈驾驶汽车仍然⽆法⼯作，但仍然可以杀⼈。民调显⽰，互联⽹公司现在⽐银⾏更不受到⼤家信任。就在银⾏正努⼒设法将⾃⼰重塑为科技公司的时候，互联⽹巨头已经成为新的银⾏，从吸引⼈的“磁⽯”变成了“贱民”。甚⾄他们的员⼯也在抗议。
The New York Times sums up the encroaching gloom. “A mood of pessimism”, it writes, has displaced “the idea of inevitable progress born in the scientific and industrial revolutions.” Except tho words are from an article published in 1979. Back then the paper fretted that the anxiety was “fed by growing doubts about society’s ability to rein in the emingly runaway forces of technology”.
· sum up 总结，概括
· encroach v. 逐渐遍布；侵占；侵袭
· gloom n. 忧郁，沮丧，失望
· fret v. 使焦急，使烦恼
刷机失败· rein v.控制，驾驭
· runaway force 失控的⼒量
《纽约时报》总结了不断蔓延的沮丧。它写到,“悲观情绪”取代了“科学和⼯业⾰命中必然进步的思想”。除了那些词是来⾃1979年发表的⼀篇⽂章。当时，报纸担⼼，引起焦虑的是由⼈们对社会驾驭看似失控的科技⼒量的能⼒越来越怀疑。
Today’s gloomy mood is centred on smartphones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that
Today’s gloomy mood is centred on smartphones and social media, which took off a decade ago. Yet concerns that humanity has taken a technological wrong turn, or that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good, have arin before. In the 1970s the despondency was prompted by concerns about overpopulation, environmental damage and the prospect of nuclear immolation. The 1920s witnesd a backlash against cars, which had earlier been en as a miraculous answer to the affliction of hor-drawn vehicles—which filled the streets with noi and dung, and caud congestion and accidents. And the blight of industrialisation was decried in the 19th century by Luddites, Romantics and socialists, who worried (with good reason) about the displacement of skilled artisans, the despoiling of the countryside and the suffering of factory hands toiling in smoke-belching mills.泰国入境卡
· despondency /dɪˈspɑndənsi/ n. 沮丧，消沉
· prospect 我们熟知的意思是“前景，展望”，这⾥的意思是“设想”
· immolation /ɪməˈleʃən/ n. 祭物，祭品
· witness v. 见证
· backlash n. 强烈反应，对抗性反应
· affliction /əˈflɪkʃən/ n. 苦恼、折磨
· dung n. 动物粪便
· blight n. 荒芜，枯萎
· decry v. 公开谴责，强烈批评
· Luddites [ˈlʌˌdaɪts] n. 卢德派，卢德分⼦，反对新技术（新⼯作⽅法）的⼈
2017欧冠决赛· displacement 我们熟知的意思是“取代、代替”，这⾥的意思是“迫使迁徙，迫使背井离乡”
·
artisan [ˈɑːrtəzn] n. ⼯匠、⼿艺⼈
· despoil v. 破坏，蹂躏，抢夺
· toil v. 长时间苦⼲，⾟勤劳作
宜春学院分数线
· belch v.⼤量喷出，突出
铜鼓嶂如今的悲观情绪集中在⼗年前刚起飞的智能⼿机和社交媒体上。然⽽，以前就有⼈担⼼，⼈类在科技上⾛错了⽅向，或者某些特定的技术可能弊⼤于利。上个世纪70年代，⼈们对⼈⼝过剩、环境的破坏和核毁灭的设想的担忧引发了⼤家的沮丧情绪。20世纪20年代见证了对汽车的强烈反对，⽽之前汽车还被看做对马拉车折磨的奇迹般的解决⽅案，要知道，那些马拉车让街道充满了噪⾳和粪便，还造成交通拥堵和事故。19世纪，卢德主义者、浪漫主义者和社会学家谴责了⼯业化的衰落，他们（有充分理由）担⼼熟练⼯匠的流离失所、农村被掠夺和⼯⼚⼯⼈在浓烟滚滚的⼯⼚⾥⾟苦劳作的痛苦。
