宫外怀孕是怎样引起的
怀旧的唯美句子做女人挺好阅读理解（10）
Passage 2
El Niño, a Spanish term for "the Christ child," was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to ven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Niño es warm water, collected over veral years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.
The weather effects, both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños, on balance, than they lo. A study found that a strong Niño in 1997-98 helped America's economy grow by $15 billion, partly becau of better agricultural harvests: farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total ri in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.
But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱) in south-east Brazil is becoming wor. Though heavy rains brought about by El Niño may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cau surface flooding and other disasters.
The most recent powerful Niño, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caud damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Niños come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.
Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施) can reduce the spread of dia. Better wers (下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the dia of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less li
kely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Niño's harmful effects — and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that tho disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their loss from disasters linked to El Niño, reducing their loss needs to be the priority.
1.What can we learn about El Niño in Paragraph 1?
A. It is named after a South American fisherman.
B. It takes place almost every year all over the world.
C. It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.
D. It es the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.
2.What may El Niños bring about to the countries affected?
A. Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.
B. Droughts become more harmful than floods.
C. Rich countries' gains are greater than their loss.
D. Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.
3.The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that ____.
A. more investment should go to risk reduction
B. governments of poor countries need more aid
C. victims of El Niño derve more compensation
D. recovery and reconstruction should come first
单位卫生管理制度
4.What is the author's purpo in writing the passage?
零钱英语>telnet
再见2021>储存卡A. To introduce El Niño and its origin. B. To explain the conquences of El Niño.
C. To show ways of fighting against El Niño. D. To urge people to prepare for El Niño.
Passage 3
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal (夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don't think of ourlves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
The benefits of this kind of engineering come with conquences — called light po
llution — who effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design, which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels — and light rhythms — to which many forms of life, including ourlves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected.
