2022-2023学年上学期北京海淀区期中考试英语阅读D篇解析 讲义
（原文）Humans have long gained pleasure from the smells of the natural world. For the most part, though, human beings are not their target market. For plants, fragrances are a way to interact with incts and other animals. Their attraction for people happens simply by chance.
humans之于the smells of the natural world，长久以来，前者从后者获取快乐（pleasure）。此处咱们可以借助王安石的“遥知不是雪，为有暗香来”展开想象。
懂你作文600字Plants之于fragrances，后者是前者和昆虫与其他动物互动的方式。咱们可以通过杜甫的“留连戏蝶时时舞”和韦庄的“戏蝶游蜂花烂熳”加以想象。
尽管人类从自然世界的味道中获得愉悦，human beings are not their target market，但人类不是它们的目标所在。Their attraction for people happens simply by chance，香味对人的吸引只是偶然发生。
人生颂
由此可知本文分为两部分：plants之于fragrances；humans之于the smells of the natural world。
接下来，作者又如何展开每一部分？又如何把二部分有机结合在一起？
（原文）In chemical terms, most natural fragrances are made up of volatiles-so called becau of their tendency to change states suddenly. Volatiles evaporate easily, drifting into nos. In plants' reproductive process，smelly volatiles attract pollinators（授粉昆虫）. But their natural applications are much more varied. If an inct chews through the leaves of some Burra plants, out shoots a sticky, smelly liquid to trap it. Coyote tobacco plants are even craftier: upon nsing the smell of hungry caterpillars, they produce volatiles that attract predators to kill the pests.
In chemical terms, most natural fragrances are made up of volatiles, 用化学术语，定义天然香料，也即，大部分香料是由挥发物质构成。
But their natural applications are much more varied，承前启后。natural applications of m
ost natural fragrances在于：attract pollinators（吸引授粉昆虫）；out shoots a sticky, smelly liquid to trap the inct（向外射出粘稠难闻的液体用于捕捉昆虫）；produce volatiles that attract predators to kill the pests（产生挥发物以吸引捕食者来杀死害虫）。
（原文）What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents for reproduction. White flowers often emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths. They produce a dilute nectar（稀释的花蜜）that encourages moths to keep moving，rather than linger at a single bloom-all the better to increa pollination. Other flowers change their fragrance after being successfully pollinated, as a signal for incts to go elwhere.
What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents for reproduction，植物运用气味便于繁殖的足智多谋令人吃惊。通过该段剩余内容可知，该句统领全段，且和第一自然段为并列平行关系。
言及how wily plants can be in using their scents for reproduction，作者通过white flowers和other flowers的例子加以详述。
感恩老师的古诗就white flowers 而言，they emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths，夜间释放香味以吸引蛾子等夜行授粉者。这还算不上wily or crafty，让人惊叹不已的则是produce a dilute nectar that encourages moths to keep moving，rather than linger at a single bloom-all the better to increa pollination，白花产生一种稀释的花蜜使得蛾子保持来回移动，而非逗留在一朵花上，此举在于尽可能增加花粉传授。
other flowers与此同理。
（原文）But though “Scent" is a story of plants' cleverness, it is also a tale of the human kind. People have long ud fragrances for their own purpos, particularly for u in religious ceremonies: perfume recipes on the walls of an Egyptian temple in Edfu demonstrate just how long ingredients have been mixed in pursuit of the best blend. So highly prized were some scents that, to scare off competitors, Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that guarded cinnamon（肉桂）.
But though “Scent" is a story of plants' cleverness, it is also a tale of the human kind为全文转折点，巧妙地过渡到人类智慧运用香味。也有机地把scent之于plants' cleverness和hu
猫咪能吃菠萝吗man kind结合在一起。注意此句中的story和tale经典表述。
首先看看古人之于香味的智慧和故事。
草莓酸奶慕斯蛋糕一方面，fragrances particularly for u in religious ceremonies，也即专门运用于宗教仪式中香味。perfume recipes on the walls of an Egyptian temple in Edfu demonstrate just how long ingredients have been mixed in pursuit of the best blend，埃及Edfu一座庙宇墙上的香水配方展示出，在追求最佳融合中，香水中各种配料混合所需时间长短。
再有，Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that guarded cinnamon，因为一些香味的价值如此之高，为了吓退竞争对手，阿拉伯的贸易商（杜撰并）传播巨鹰守护肉桂的传说。此例让笔者想到各种神话故事，哪种宝物的获得不是（故事中的）主角历经万阻千难。
（原文）Eventually scientists no longer needed natural sources for fragrances. In 1866 a fragrance molecule was produced for the first time. Sixteen years later, Hooligan Parfum relead Fougère Royale, the first “modern fantasy perfume" that creates an imaginary s
cent rather than copying a natural one. Nowadays fragrance-making is dominated by man-made compounds, which can be reliably and affordably produced in large quantities.
花粉祛斑如果说上一自然段中的scent来源于自然，那么该段中的scent or fragrance则no longer needed natural sources，也即科学家们不再需要自然资源而获取香水或香气。
该段主讲人工合成香水的前世今生。
In 1866 a fragrance molecule was produced for the first time，1866年香味分子首次被生产出来；Sixteen years later, Houbigant Parfum relead Fougère Royale, the first “modern fantasy perfume" that creates an imaginary scent rather than copying a natural one，十六年之后，第一款能够产生想象力而非拷贝自然的“现代想象香水”发布。
格仔铺再来看看fragrance-making的当前现状。fragrance-making is dominated by man-made compounds, which can be reliably and affordably produced in large quantities，香味制作主要是大批量生产的可靠且廉价的人工合成物。
（原文）That has led to the mass production of smelly products, from toilet paper to toot
红烧肉制作过程hpaste. Scent is accordingly big business. It is said that a world-famous fragrance and flavor manufacturer that claims people interact with its products up to 30 times a day, had sales of €3.8bn last year.
