梦见杀人落堕市安心阳光实验学校高考常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列（十九）
重点单词详解
1．elect v．选举；推选；选择；决定
微信小程序是什么election n. 选举；大选
elective adj.选举的；选修的
1)The Americans _____Barack Obama president of the USA.人民选举奥巴马为总统。
2)The ________ results will be broadcast tonight. 选举结果将于今天晚上通过广播公布。
3)The office of president of the US is an ________ one, but the position of Queen of England is not.总统是选举出来的，而英国女王不是。
【答案】 1)elected 2)election 3)elective
(1)完成句子
Module 8 is an ________ cour, but not a compulsory one. 模块八是选修课，而不是必修课。
【答案】 elective
(2)名校押题
They exchanged views on the question of whom to ________.
A．be elected B．elect C．being elected D．election
【答案与解析】 B 题意：他们就选谁这个问题上交换了意见。此处需要的是动词的主动形式。
2．resign vt. 放弃；辞去 vi. 辞职
resignation n. 辞职信
1)The general ________ his commission.将辞去了他的职务。
2)She ________ ________ ________ ________ the care of her sister.她把孩子交给她妹妹照看。
3)He is ________ ________ his fate. ＝ He resigned himlf to his fate. 他听天由命。
【答案】 1)resigned 2)resigned her children to 3)resigned to
(1)完成句子
The simplest thing for him is to ________ at once. 最简单的做法就是他立即辞职。
【答案】 resign
(2)名校押题
All the employees ________ becau the employer was too unreasonable.
A．recycled B．reworked C．reunited D．resigned
【答案与解析】 D 题意：因为老板太不讲理，雇员们集体辞职了。resign“辞职”，符合
题意。
3．delete v. 删除；作废 n. 删除键
delete sth from sth 从……删除……
1)________ the data from the document. 把数据从文件中删除。
2)The patient's high fever ________ most of his memories.由于高烧，病人的记忆力很大程度上丧失了。
3)If you make a mistake, u the ________ ________ to era backwards.如果你输入错误，可以用Delete 键来向后删除。
【答案】 1)Delete 2)deleted 3)Delete button
辣辣寿司
(1)完成句子
I ________ the file by mistake. 我误删了这个文件。
【答案】 deleted
(2)名校押题
Since he has no interest in the gathering，________his name from the list.
A．delete B．add C．decrea D．reveal
【答案与解析】 A delete “删除；作废”。题意：既然他对聚会不感兴趣，把他的名字从中删掉。add “添加”； decrea 中秋节祝福语“减少；降低”； reveal“揭示；露出”。
4．burden n．负担；重担 vt. 使负担
burden sb / onelf (with sth) 加负担于某人/自己
lighten / relieve a burden 减负
carry a burden 负载重物
少先队员入队誓词share a burden 分担责任
shoulder a burden 肩负重担
1)The old woman bent with a ________ ________ on the back.老奶奶背着重担，腰都弯了。
2)Pupils of China today ________ ________ ________ a lot of academic tasks.如今，中国的学生学业负担很重。
【答案】 1)heavy burden 2)are burdened with
(1)完成句子
I don't like being a________ ________ other people. 我不想成为别人的负担。
【答案】 burden on
(2)名校押题
Since we are parents, we ________looking after all the family members.
A．are burdened B．bear the burden of C．burden ourlves D．put a burden on
【答案与解析】 B 题意：既然我们身为父母，我们就得承担起照顾家人的责任。A、C两项改为are burdened with 和 burden ourlves with 才正确。put a burden on sb“使某人承担责任”。
5．abnce n．缺席；不在；缺乏；不存在
常与介词from连用。
in (during) one's abnce / in (during) the abnce of sb 当某人不在时
abnce of mind 心不在焉；发呆
1)His long ________ raid fears about his safety. 他长期不在使得大家担心他的安全。
2)What was the real reason for your ________？ 你缺席的真正原因是什么？
3)We are ________ ________ ________ ________ experience. 我们缺乏经验。
【答案】 1)abnce 2)abnce 3)in the abnce of
(1)完成句子
________ ________ _______ _______the manager, I shall be in charge. 经理不在时，由我负责。
【答案】 In the abnce of
(2)名校押题
The old man told the story with________of any humour, which made us disappointed.
A．appearance B．abnce C．n D．emotion
【答案与解析】 B 考查名词。题意：老人讲故事缺乏幽默感，这让我们非常失望。appearance“外表；出现”； abnce of humour“缺乏幽默感”； a n of humour “幽默感”； emotion“情感”。
6．surround vt. 包围；围住；围绕；环绕；与……紧密相关
surround sb / sth (with sb / sth) (使某人/某物)包围某人/某物；围住某人/某物(尤指使之无法脱逃)
surround sth / sb (by / with sth) (常用于被动语态)包围或环绕某人/某物
surround onelf with 喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)
1)They have ________ the town with troops. 他们出动队包围了这个镇。
2)Trees ________ the pond. 池塘四周绿树环抱。
3)The hou ________ ________ ________ high walls. 房子的四周有高墙。
4)The new plan ________ ________ ________ much speculation. 新计划备受猜疑。
【答案】 1)surrounded 2)surround 3)was surrounded by 4)is surrounded by
(1)完成句子
David loved to ________ ________ ________ young people. 戴维很喜欢和年轻人在一起。
【答案】 surround himlf with
(2)名校押题
She has always been ________ with fashionable friends.
A．surrounded B．surveyed C．suspected D．survived
【答案与解析】 A 考查动词。be surrounded with sb是surround onelf with sb 的被动形式，意为“被某人环绕着”。
7．adjust vt. & vi. 调整；调节；适应；习惯
微热山丘凤梨酥
教师个人自查报告adjust one's clock把钟表调准
adjust to (doing) sth 适应/习惯(做)某事
adjust onelf to sth 使某人自己适应某事师德师风内容
