1. features of Puritanism 请教主义(1)Predestination: God decided everything before things occurred.
(2)Original sin: Human beings were born to be evil, and this original sin can be pasd down from generation to generation. (3)Total depravity(4)Limited atonement: Only the “elect” can be saved.
2, American Puritanism旅游业发展 美国请教主义的Basic Puritan Beliefs
艾饼的功效与作用
躲你一辈子(1)Total Depravity - through Adam and Eve's fall, every person is born sinful - concept of Original Sin. (2)Unconditional Election - God "saves" tho he wishes - only a few are lected for salvation - concept of predestination. (3)Limited Atonement - Jesus died for the chon only, not for everyone. (4)Irresistible Grace - God's grace is freely given, it cannot be earned or denied. Grace is defined as the saving and transfiguring power of God.
(5)Perverance of the "saints" - tho elected by God have full power to interpret the will of God, and to live uprightly. If anyone rejects grace after feeling its power in his life, he will be going against the will of God - something impossible in Puritanism.
(6)Puritan values (creeds): Hard work, thrift, piety, sobriety, simple tastes. Puritans are more practical, tougher, to be ever ready for any misfortune and tragic failure and optimistic..
3.Influence on American Literature对美国文学影响定义:America literature is in good measure a literary expression of the pious idealism of the American Puritanism bequest. All literature is bad on a myth of garden of Eden.
Symbolism象征 the American puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception was chiefly instrumental in calling into being a literary symbolism which is distinctly American. Symbolism as a technique has become a common practice in American literature.
With regard to their writing, the style is fresh, simple and direct; the rhetoric is plain and honest, not without a touch of nobility often traceable to the direct influence of the Bible.
4. The literary Scene in colonial America 殖民地的美国Humble origins: diaries, histories, journals, letters,travel books, autobiographies/biographies, rmons
各种作家Writers: (1)趣多多广告John Smith: the first American writerpdf转dwg
(2)Anne Bradstreet: a Puritan poet ,The Complete Work:红掌花 Tenth Mu Lately Sprung Up In America
(3)Edward Taylor: a variety of ver: funeral elegies, lyrics, a medieval "debate," and a 500-page Metrical History of Christianity (mainly a history of martyrs). His best works, according to modern critics, are the ries of short Preparatory Meditations.
5;Features of Colonial Poets殖民地诗人的特征
American literature grew out of humble origins. Diaries, histories, journals, letters, commonplace books, travel books, rmons, in short, personal literature in its various forms, occupy a major position in the literature of the early colonial period.
They faithfully imitated and transplanted English literary traditions.---In English style
They were rvants of God.---Puritan poets
They rved either God or colonial expansion or both.
6,Anne Bradstreet’s Works
1,“Some vers on the Burning of Our Hou” 2,“The Spirit and the Flesh”3,The Tenth Mu Lately Sprung Up in America(the first collection published by English colonists living in America)
7.veral points in this period:
(1)William Hill Brown published the first American novel The Power of Sympathy in 1789.
(2)Charles Brockden Brown) was the first American author to attempt to live from his writing. He developed the genre of American Gothic. He employed new narrative techniques. Another significance was his description of his characters’ inner world, so his works can be read as psychological novel.
短针的钩法
(3)Roger Williams (1603-1683)Preach for civil and religious liberty and against the purita
n oligarchy of Boston.Call for democratic government and oppo to the eviction of the Indians.
Works: The Bloody Tenet of Percution for the Cau of Conscience
(4)CJohn Woolman1:From a pious Quaker family 2:Transcendentalism humanitarianism
3:Plea for the rights of all men and the abolition of the slavery system.
Works: Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes; A Plea for the Poor.
(5)Thomas Paine :A great influence in the American Revolution
Works: The Rights of Man; The Age of Reason
(6)Philip Freneau: “Poet of the American Revolution” “Father of American Poetry”,the most significant poet of 18th century in America. Some off his themes and images anticipated the 九月九日
works of such 19th century American Romantic writers as Cooper, Emerson, Poe and Melville.
