看看国外的事故分级如果不懂,真的就OUT了
事故分级在西方各个国家基本上都是相同的。尤其在欧美发达国家。在安全管理上中国要想跟世界有共同语言,那么事故分级就应该是最先要考虑先行一步接轨的。
我也看到,经常朋友们也在问,什么是急救工伤first aid? 什么是可记录工伤事故Recordable Injury?什么是医疗工伤Medically Treatment Injury?什么是损时工伤 Lost time injury/Lost wrok day ca?什么是未遂事故Near Miss?什么是可记录工伤事故率TRIR?要搞清楚这些概念,我们还是先看看美国获奖安全视频如何讲述事故的渐进过程的。
生活的艰辛看完以上视频,大家是不是有了美国事故分级的基本概念?美国海因里希事故冰山理论里显示的事故分级包括死亡、可记录工伤事故、急救工伤事故和险兆事故(未遂事故),美国OSHA标准中工伤分级也差不多是一样的。为了更加形象地说明问题,看看这个事故分级金字塔。
下面就详细说说各种工伤事故分级的概念:
损时工伤/失时工伤:是可记录工伤。这种是导致受伤者被医疗服务提供方建议休假的可记录伤害。你没有记录伤害或疾病发生的天数。雇员有没有记录没关系,我们记录。
Lost work days ca or Lost Time Injury: The arerecordable injuries that result in the injured person being taken off work bythe medical provider. You do not count the day in which the injury or illnessoccurred. It does not matter if the employee is scheduled or not, we countcalendar days.
工作受限工伤:是可记录工伤。这种是导致受伤者被医疗服务提供方建议重返工作岗位,但是被禁止他/她履行常规工作职责,但可以做调整性或过渡性工作的限制的可记录工伤。
Restricted Work Injury: Restricted work activity occurs when,as the result of a work-related injury or illness, an employer or health careprofessional keeps, or recommends keeping, an employee from doing the routine functionsof his or her job or from working the full workday that the employee would havebeen scheduled to work before the injury or illness
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The are injuries that are recordableinjuries that result in the injured person being returned to work by themedical provider but with restrictions that prohibit him/her from doing theirnormal job duties but can do modified or transitional work.
医疗工伤/其他可记录工伤: 这种是最不严重的可记录工伤。这类伤害是除了急救之外,不会导致限制工作日或缺勤的治疗。举个例子,一个员工的手指在医院缝了3针,然后被告知没有限制条件地重返工作岗位。例如,
Other Recordable :Theare the least vere recordable injuries. This category are for treatmentbeyond first aid recordable injuries that do not result in restricted work daysor lost work days. An example would be an employee that was given 3 stitches inthe finger and then told to return to work with no restrictions.
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非可记录伤害事件:急救工伤
如果伤害只需要如下类型的治疗,认定为非可记录伤害即急救工伤
·在非处方强度下使用非处方药物
·注射破伤风免疫接种
·清洁、冲洗或浸泡皮肤表面的伤口
·
使用伤口覆盖物,如绷带、急救绷带、纱布片等,或者使用胶带或蝴蝶绷带台式电脑怎么调节屏幕亮度
·使用热疗法或者冷疗法
·使用任何完全非刚性的支持手段,如弹性绷带、覆盖、非刚性的腰带,等等
·在运送事故受害人途中使用临时固定设备(夹板、索具、颈托或背板)
·挑破手指或脚趾上的水泡来缓解压力或排除液体;
·使用眼罩
·使用简单的冲洗或棉签清除嵌入或黏附在眼中的异物
·使用冲洗、镊子、棉签或其他简单的方法移除眼睛区域以外碎片或异物
·使用指套
·使用按摩
·喝水缓解发热
Non Recordable Injury Incidents
First Aid:If theincident required only the following types of treatment, consider it first aid.
· Using non-prescriptionmedications at non-prescription strength;
· Administering tetanusimmunizations
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· Cleaning, flushing, or soakingwounds on the skin surface;小闹钟作文
· Using wound coverings, such asbandages, BandAids?, gauze pads, etc., or using SteriStrips? or butterflybandages;
· Using hot or cold therapy;
· Using any totally non-rigidmeans of support, such as elastic bandages, wraps, non-rigid back belts, etc;