人教版必修三Unit4词汇要点复习总结
Book 3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the Science of the Stars 导学案
1. (阅读词汇) solar [‘s?ul?] adj. 太阳的；日光的
联想：lunar [?lu?n?(r)] adj. 月球的；月亮的儿童数学启蒙
2. (阅读词汇) system [‘sist?m] n. 系统；体系；制度
solar system 太阳系
solar energy 太阳能
The new system of the computer is still under test, not ready to be ud. 这套电脑的新系统还在测试，还未准备好使用。
致800米运动员3. (词汇变形) religion [ri‘lid?n] n. 宗教– religious [ri‘lid??s] adj. 宗教的
religious belief 宗教信仰
have belief / faith in religion 有宗教信仰
4. (阅读词汇) theory [‘θi?ri] n. 理论
the Big Bang theory 宇宙大爆炸理论
the theory of everything 万物理论
in theory 理论上: Your plan sounds fine in theory, but does it work in reality? 你的计划理论上挺好的，但实际上可行吗？(in reality 实际上)
5. (阅读词汇) billion [‘bili?n] pron. & n. & adj. 十亿
billions of …数十亿的…
联想：ten 十；tens of …几十个…
八十岁hundred 百；hundreds of …数百个…
thousand 千；thousands of …数千个…
million 百万；millions of …数百万…
6. (词汇变形) globe [gl?ub] n. 球体；地球仪；地球– global [‘gl?ubl] adj. 全球的；全世界的- globalization [,gl?ub?lai‘zei?n] n. 全球化
global warming 全球性变暖
7. (词汇变形) violence [‘vai?l?ns] n. 暴力– violent [‘vai?l?nt] adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；暴力的– violently adv. 猛烈地；暴力地货柜英文
放下难舍的缘answer violence with violence 以暴制暴
The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 地球的动荡如此剧烈，以至于(当时)不清楚它的形状是否会固定下来。
The building was violently attacked. 这幢建筑物被暴力地袭击。
8. (写作短语) in time 及时；终于
The explosion was in time to produce carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapor and so on. 这次爆炸及时制造了二氧化碳，氮气，水蒸气还有其他。
I was worried about being late, but finally I made it in time. 我担心迟到，但最终及时赶到。?对比：on time 准时：High-speed trains are famous for being on time. 高速动车以准时出名。
9. (阅读词汇) dioxide [dai‘?ksaid] n. 二氧化物
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
a low-carbon life 低碳生活
10. (阅读词汇) atmosphere [‘?tm?sfi?] n. 大气层；气氛
All the gas make the earth’s atmosphere. 所有的气体构成了地球的大气层。
He told a joke to lighten the atmosphere of the meeting. 他讲了个笑话，缓和会议的气氛。11. (词汇变形) like prep. 像– unlike prep. 不像
Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later. 水也在其他星球出现过，像火星；但不像地球，水在其他星球消失了。
I like my brother, but we are unlike each other. 我喜欢我弟弟，但我们完全不像。
联系：like vt. 喜欢– dislike vt. 不喜欢
对比：I have a brother, and we dislike each other.
12. (阅读词汇) fundamental [,f?nd?’mentl] adj. 基本的，基础的n. 基本原则?Housing is a fundamental. 居住是一个基本问题。
A is fundamental to B A对B而言是基本的
商业培训Water was fundamental to the development of life. 水将对生命的发展起基本作用。
联想：basic [‘beisik] adj. 基本的，基础的
13. (重难点词汇) prent [‘prez?nt] adj. 出席的，现在的– prence [‘prez?ns] n. 出席，到场，存在
be prent 到场，出席：Good morning, sir. Everyone is prent. 老师早上好。每个人都到场了。
Everyone should be prent at the meeting tomorrow. 每个人都要出席明天的会议。
Scientists believe that the continued prence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gas and acids into the oceans and as. 科学家相信，水的持续出现允许地球溶解有害的气体和酸到海洋里。
14. (词汇变形) harm [ha:m] vt. & n. 破坏–harmful [‘ha:mfl] adj. 有害的–harmless [‘ha:mlis] adj. 无害的
重点短语do harm to sth.：We should stop doing harm to the habitat of animals. 我们应该停止破坏动物的栖息地。
a harmful material 有害物质
欠加偏旁This kind of material is harmless to the environment. 这种物质对环境无害。
[重点用法]
be harmful to sb./sth. 对……有害
do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对……
15. (阅读词汇) reaction [ri‘?k?n] n. 反应
chain reaction 连锁反应
16. (阅读词汇) lay eggs 下蛋
(重点词汇辨析) lie vi. 撒谎；lie vi. 躺着；lay vt. 放(laid, laid, laying) ?lie – lied – lied vi. 撒谎：lie to sb. 对某人撒谎
lie – lay – lain vi. 躺着：He lay on the ground, thinking about his problem. 他躺在床上，反思着他的问题。
lay – laid – laid vt. 放着：He laid his book on the shelf. 他把书放在架子上。
17. (词汇变形) exist [ig‘zist] vi. 存在– existence [ig‘zist?ns] n. 存在
罗波潭
The dinosaurs existed on earth millions of years ago. 恐龙数亿年前在地球存活。
There exist some problems we haven’t noticed before. 存在一些我们以前没留意到的问题。?exist to do …存在的意义是为了：The dustbin exists to sort out and recycle the garbage. 这个垃圾桶是为了分类垃圾和循环利用垃圾。
The existence of air and water made it possible for humans to live. 空气和水的存在使人类的生存成为可能。
18. (阅读词汇) in one’s turn 轮到某人
After the dinosaurs died out, human beings, in their return, became the most important animals on the earth. 在恐龙灭绝后，轮到人类成为了地球上最重要的生物。
(阅读词汇) take turns to do …轮流做某事：We take turns to clean the classroom. 我们轮流打扫教室。
(写作词汇) It’s one’s turn to do …轮到某人做某事：Hey, it’s your turn to clean the classroom. 嘿，轮到你们打扫教室了。
19. (写作词汇) prevent [pri‘vent] sb. (from) doing …阻止某人做某事
