高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项练习含解析
一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类
1．犇犇阅读理解
"Acting is the least mysterious of all crafts," Marion Brando once said. But for scientists, working out what is going on in an actor's head has always been something of a puzzle.
Now, rearchers have said actors show different patterns of brain activity depending on whether they are in character or not.
Dr Steven Brown, from McMaster University in Canada, said, "It looks like when you are acting, you are suppressing (压制) yourlf; almost like the character is posssing you."
Brown and colleagues report how 15 actors, mainly theatre students, were trained to take on a Shakespeare role — either Romeo or Juliet — in a theatre workshop. They were then invited into the laboratory, where their brains were scanned in a ries of experiments.
Once inside the MRI scanner, the actors were asked to answer a number of questions, such as: would they go to the party? And would they tell their parents that they had fallen in love?
Each actor was asked to respond to different questions, bad on two different premis (前提). In one, they were asked for their own perspective, while in the other, they were asked to respond as though they were either Romeo or Juliet.
The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested. The team found that when the actors were in character, they u some third-person knowledge or inferences about their character.宽饶
爱的狂怒
The team said they also found additional reduction in activity in two regions of the prefrontal cortex (前额皮质) linked to the n of lf, compared with when the actors were responding as themlves.
However, Philip Davis, a professor at the University of Liverpool, was unimpresd by t
he rearch, saying acting is about far more than "pretending" to be someone — it involves embodying (体现) the text and language.
（1）How did Dr Brown's team conduct their rearch?
喝啤酒减肥吗A. By scanning the brain activity of some actors.
B. By doing a survey with some theatre goers.
小白兔怎么画C. By interviewing some theatre teachers.
D. By consulting some experienced rearchers.
（2）What is the finding of Dr Brown's rearch?
A. Acting is not as mysterious as people think.
B. Actors' brain activity differs when they are acting.
C. Acting is far more than pretending to be the character.
D. Actors' brain activity is more active when they are in character.
（3）How did Philip Davis react to the rearch?
失恋电影
A. He supported it. B. He doubted it. C. He explained it. D. He advocated it.
（4）What is the text mainly about?
A. A debate of how the brain functions.
B. A play written by Shakespeare.
经营与管理C. A rearch on the brain activity of actors.
D. A report of the cooperation of scientists and actors.
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】颠痫【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项对于演员大脑活动的研究。现在，研究人员表示，演员的大脑活动模式不同，取决于他们是否扮演角色。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Once inside the MRI scanner, the actors were asked to answer a number of questions, such as: would they go to the party?”一旦进入核磁共振扫描仪，演员们被要求回答一系列问题，比如:他们会去参加派对吗?由此推断出Brown博士的团队是通过扫描一些演员的大脑活动进行他们的研究的，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested. The team found that when the actors were in character, they u some third-person knowledge or inferences about their character.”结果显示，大脑活动的不同取决于所测试的情境。研究小组发现，当演员在扮演角色时，他们会使用一些第三人称知识或对角色的推断。由此可知Brown博士的研究发现，演员在表演时大脑活动是不同的，故选B。
李白故乡 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“However, Philip Davis, a professor at the University of Liverpool, was unimpresd by the rearch, saying acting is about far more than ‘pretending’ to be someone — it involves embodying (体现) the text and language.”然而，利物浦大学教授Philip Davis对这项研究并不以为然。他说，表演不仅仅是" 假装" 成某个人，它还包括文本和语言的体现。由此推断出Philip Davis对这项研究持怀疑态度，故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。第二段中的“Now, rearchers have said actors show different patterns of brain activity depending on whether they are in character or not.”现在，研究人员表示，演员的大脑活动模式不同，取决于他们是否扮演角色，是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要介绍了一项对于演员大脑活动的研究，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．犇犇阅读理解
Wolves strike fear into the hearts of many species, humans included. Our fear of them has brought them to the edge of dying out, as we have cruelly killed them as competitors and trouble-makers. But rearchers are discovering that the very fear they put into prey（被捕食者）species is exactly what helps make ecosystems（生态）healthy.
