Prent Perfect Ten
1.The prent perfect ten ud to talk about things that happened before the time you are speaking or writing but are relevant to the prent situation, or things that began in the past and are still happening.
2.Structure:
The prent perfect ten is formed with have/has + done, as in, “They have decided what to do."
3.Signal words:
When you e words like for, since, never, ever, already, just, yet and so far in a ntence, it often means that you need to u the prent perfect ten. For example,
●I have been to Shanghai for three years.
●She has gone to Beijing since three years ago.
黄冈作文
●John has never en Harry Potter.
●Have you ever en anything like it?
●You have already been rich.
●I have just bought a new hou.
●Has the bus left yet? They haven’t finished yet. (“yet” always ud for negative ntence and questions)
●So far, we have done five tasks.
NOTICE: For and Since with Prent Perfect Ten
代理业务We often u for and since with perfect tens:
∙We u for to talk about a period of time: five minutes, two weeks, six years
∙We u since to talk about a point in past time: 9 o'clock, 1st January, Monday
Look at the example ntences using for and since with the Prent Perfect ten:
∙I have been here for twenty minutes.
∙I have been here since 9 o'clock.
∙John hasn't called for six months.
∙John hasn't called since February.
∙He has worked in New York for a long time.
孔子语录∙He has worked in New York 俄罗斯美术since he left school.
4.Basic Sentence Patterns:
| subject | auxiliary verb | | main verb | |
(+) Positive ntence | I | have | | en | ET. |
You | have | 地毯脏了怎么清洗 | eaten | lunch. |
(-) Negative ntence | He, she, it | has | not | been | to Rome. |
We | have | not | played | football. |
(?) General question | Have | you | | finished? | |
Have | they | | done | it? |
(?) Special question | What has | he/she/it | | eaten? | |
What have | you平行投影 | | done | so far? |
| | | | | |
5.Contraction with Prent Perfect
When we u the Prent Perfect in speaking, we often contract the subject and auxiliary verb. We also sometimes do this in informal writing.
I have →I've
You have → You've
He has→ He's
She has →She's
It has→ It's
John has →John's
The car has →The car's
We have → We've
They have →They've
∙You've told me that before.
∙John's en Harry Potter.
In negative ntences, we may contract the auxiliary verb and "not":
∙You haven't got a chance.
∙She hasn't heard from him.
He's or he's Be careful! The 's contraction is ud for the auxiliary verbs have and be. For example, "It's eaten" can mean:
∙白菜卷肉It has eaten. (Prent Perfect ten, active voice)
∙It is eaten. (Prent Simple ten, passive voice)
It is usually clear from the context.
6.How do we u the Prent Perfect Ten
We u the Prent Perfect to talk about:
∙experience
∙change
∙continuing situation
1). Prent Perfect for experience
We often u the Prent Perfect to talk about experience from the past. We are not interested in when you did something. We only want to know if you did it:
I have en an alien. He has lived in Bangkok. Have you been there? We have never eaten caviar. |
past | prent | future |
The action or state was in the past. | In my head, I have a memory now. | |
| | |
Connection with past: the event was in the past
