反身代词详解

更新时间:2023-06-14 15:59:19 阅读: 评论:0

反⾝代词详解
反⾝代词
⼀.反⾝代词
表⽰某⼈⾃⼰的代词叫做反⾝代词。它表⽰⼀个动作回到该动作执⾏者的本⾝,或者强调⾃⼰。它有⼈称和数的变化。反⾝代词是 onelf根据所指词的⼈称、性别、单复数等的变化可以有 mylf, himlf, herlf, yourlf, itlf, ourlves, yourlves, themlves 等形式。
⼆. 构成
反⾝代词⽤于指代某⼈或某物⾃⼰。第⼀⼈称和第⼆⼈称的反⾝代词由“形容词性物主代词 + lf / lves”构成;第三⼈称反⾝代词由“⼈称代词的宾格 + lf / lves”构成。见下表:
中再第⼀⼈称第⼆⼈称第三⼈称
单数mylf  yourlf      himlf /
herlf /
itlf
复数ourlves yourlves    themlves阳光正好的唯美句子
另外:one的反⾝代词为onelf,在美国英语中也可⽤himlf:
One should not prai onelf [himlf].  ⼀个⼈不应该⾃吹⾃擂。
三. ⽤法
1. 做宾语
a. 有些动词需有反⾝代词,如经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, at, dress, express, amu, behave, abnt,bathe,blame dry,cut,enjoy,hurt,introduce,behave 等。如:
We enjoyed ourlves very much last night. 我们昨晚玩得很开⼼。
He is teaching herlf English.她在⾃学英语。Plea help yourlf to some fish. 请你随便吃点鱼。
She could not make herlf understood. 她不能使别⼈听懂她的话。
The child cried himlf to sleep. 孩⼦哭着哭着睡着了。
She convinced herlf that it was so. 她说服⾃⼰情况是这样的。
He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himlf. 他只有⼀两把⼿枪⽤来⾃卫。
b. ⽤于及物动词+宾语+介词,如take pride in, be annoyed with, help onelf to sth等。
I could not dress(mylf)up at that time. 那个时候我不能打扮我⾃⼰。
She was talking to herlf.她⾃⾔⾃语。
He lives by himlf in the country.他独⾃住在乡下。
Take good care of yourlf. 照顾好⾃⼰。
He has a right to decide for himlf. 他有权为⾃⼰做出决定。He made no complaint for himlf. 他没为⾃⼰抱怨什么。
She finally gained control of herlf. 最后她控制住了⾃⼰。Everybody here has the influenza including mylf. 包括我在内所有⼈都患上流感。
注:有些动词后不跟反⾝代词,如:get up, sit-down,stand up, wake up等。
如:Plea sit down. 请坐。
2. ⽤作表语,如结构be onelf. 如:
The poor boy was mylf. 那个可怜的孩⼦就是我⾃⼰。
The ones who really want it are ourlves. 真正想要它的是我们⾃⼰。
【说明】有时⽤于 be, feel, em, look 等后作表语表⽰⾝体或精神处于正常状态:
I am not mylf today. 我今天不舒服。
I’m not quite mylf the days. 我近来⾝体不⼤舒服。赵子龙救阿斗
黄家驹照片I’ll be mylf again in no time. 我过⼀会⼉就会好的。
3. ⽤作同位语,表⽰“本⼈”,或者“亲⾃” (加强被修饰词的语⽓,紧放在被修饰名词后, 或句末):
Did you make the cake yourlf?这蛋糕是你亲⾃做的吗? (yourlf作主语you的同位语)
The work itlf is easy.这⼯作本⾝很容易。(itlf作主语the work的同位语)
Did you e Mr. Wang himlf?你见过王先⽣本⼈吗?(himlf作宾语Mr. Wang的同位语)
The box itlf is not so heavy. 箱⼦本⾝并不重。
Martin himlf attended the sick man. 马丁亲⾃照顾病⼈。Don’t trouble to come over yourlf. 你不必费神亲⾃来了。You yourlf said so. / You said so yourlf. 你⾃⼰是这样说的。归读公园
Never leave to others what you ought to do yourlf. 不要把⾃⼰该做的事留给别⼈做。
The thing itlf is not important.事情本⾝并不重要。You’d better borrow the book yourlf.
注意下列句⼦的区别:
I did it mylf.  是我亲⾃做的。(是我做的,⽽不是别⼈做的。)母亲的春天
I did it by mylf.  我独⾃做的。(我⾃⼰做的,没有其他任何⼈的帮助。)
4. ⽤作主语。在现代英语中,反⾝代词⼀般不能独⽴⽤作主语,但是它却可以借助 and, or, nor 等连词与其他名词⼀起构成并列主语(且位于并列主语的后部),以及⽤于某些特殊结构(如as...as等):
My brother and mylf went there yesterday. 昨天我兄弟和我⼀起去了那⼉。
Charles and mylf saw it. 查尔斯和我看见了这件Jim’s sister and himlf get up at six every day. 吉姆的妹妹和他每天6点起床。
He was as anxious as mylf. 他和我⼀样担⼼。
5. 有时,我们使⽤by onelf的形式,其含义为alone(单独地,独⾃地)。
如:She learnt English by herlf.
6. 反⾝代词通常⽤于某些固定搭配中。
如:all by onelf独⾃          learn by onelf⾃学  think to onelf暗暗地想
say to onelf ⾃⾔⾃语    teach onelf ⾃学  leave one by onelf把某⼈单独留下注意:
和蔼近义词
a. 反⾝代词本⾝不能单独作主语。
(错) Mylf drove the car.
(对) I mylf drove the car. 我⾃⼰开车。
7.  在不强调的情况下,but, except, for 等介词后宾语⽤反⾝代词或⼈称代词宾格均可。如:No one but
mylf(me)is hurt.
四.反⾝代词不⽤作定语   
汉语常说“我⾃⼰的……”“你⾃⼰的……”,说成英语可⽤my own…, your own…之类的表达,⽽不能直接⽤反⾝代词作定语。如:  牛仔骨的做法
于是我回到⾃⼰的房间去。 
正:Then I went back to my own room. 
误:Then I went back to mylf room. 
我想给你谈⼀点我⾃⼰经历的事。 

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