动词不定式用法
◆帽子世界动词不定式（to do）是一种非谓语形式，在句子中起名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句子中，除了不能作谓语之外，可以充当其它任何一种成分：主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补和状语。
◆结构
①一般式to do. 表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。
I plan to listen to music this afternoon.
②完成式to have done.表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.
③被动式to be done.
Nobody likes to be laughed at.
④否定式 not to do， 否定副词not, never, ldom, hardly 等要置于to前。
Plea tell your child not to play in the street.
She checked the names so as not to make mistakes.
◆不定式做主语
不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
To finish this report took him a week. To e is to believe.
当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
高小琴结局it is difficult to know what the future will be like.
It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：
a) It is＋形容词( important, difficult, inconvenient,foolish, kind...)＋( for/of sb.)＋不定式
变成的拼音It is esntial to rerve a table in advance of Christmas Eve.
It is important for us young people to learn English .
b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, one's duty, an honor, a shame, no )＋不定式
It is a pity to have to go without her.
c) It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, )＋不定式
It takes me three hours to learn English each day.
◆不定式作表语
不定式作表语常表示将来的动作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如wish, idea, task, purpo, duty, job等。
My job is to help the poor person.
The most important thing for one's health is to have plenty of exerci. 网络地址是什么
◆不定式作宾语
能接不定式作宾语的常见动词有：want（想要）, like（喜欢）, wish（希望）, hate（讨厌）
, prefer（宁愿）, hope（希望）, fail（失败）, plan（计划）, refu（拒绝）, ask（要求）,continue（继续），manage（设法）, try（尽力）, offer（提供）, start（开始）, begin（开始）, forget（忘记）, remember（记得）, promi（答应）, mean（打算）, pretend（假装）, intend（想，打算）, attempt（尝试，企图）, decide（决定）, learn（学会）, desire（渴望，请求）, agree（同意）, care（关心，喜欢）, choo（选择）, determine（下决心）, expect（期望）, afford（负担得起，买得起）,demand(需要，要求)等。
I have learned to adapt to my disability. The workers demanded to get better pay.
不定式作宾语还常用在下面结构中: 主语＋动词＋it＋形容词＋不定式。
We found it impossible to get everything ready in time.
I think it important to learn English well in college.
使用这种句型的常见动词有：
believe, consider, declare, feel, find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppo, think,等。去旅游的英文
◆不定式作宾语补足语
能接不定式做补语的常见的动词有：help , wish, want, like, hate, prefer, intend, expect, advi, tell , ask ，allow（允许）, beg（乞求）, command（命令，指挥）, invite（邀请）, force（强迫）, oblige（强迫）, get（致使）,（建议）,encourage（鼓励）, persuade（说服）, permit（允许，许可）, remind（使想起，提醒）, request（请求，要求）, order（命令）, warn（警告，提醒）, cau（引起）等。
He asked you to call him at ten o'clock.
I'd never allow my children to behave like that.
注意：当不定式放在下列动词后面作宾语补语时，不定式省略to.
感官动词e, watch, notice, hear, feel,listen to ,obrve；使役动词make, let, have；
I will have the students write a passage about Internet. Let me hear you play the piano.
如果上述结构变为被动语态后,则不能省略to。 He was en to go upstairs.
◆不定式作定语
不定式有时起形容词作用修饰名词或代词，在句中担任定语。 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。
I have a lot of study to do as well, especially after I have been sick for a while.
If I had the chance to say one thing to healthy kids, it would be this:…
They were the first to come to China.
注意 :如果不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面就应有必要的介词。
They have a lot of things to talk about.（talk是不及物动词，必须加上介词about）
He is looking for a room to live in.（live是不及物动词，room是不定式live这一动作的地点，也必须加上in，否则to live the room是不成立的 ）
There is nothing to worry about.
◆不定式作状语
①表目的
做目的状语，常用的结构： to do ; in order to do, so as to do, so/ such …as to do, etc.
I came earlier specially to find a at in the front.
②表原因
不定式可以在glad，happy, sorry之类表达感情的形容词后面来修饰该形容词表示“因为……而……”的意思。
I am sorry to trouble you. I am happy to have found many things I can do.
③做结果状语
常与副词only , enough 或too连用。
I have had to work hard to live a normal life, but it has been worth it.
喜宴酒席Sometimes, I am too weak to go to school动漫人物头像男.
◆.独立结构
to be frank, to be honest, to tell the truth, to begin with等。
To tell the truth, I am not happy at the moment.
◆与疑问词等连用
不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。
秒的英文He didn’t know what to say.(宾语) How to solve the problem is very important.(主语)
◆不定式的省略
(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.
e.g.: Would you like to go with me ? I’d like to.
(2). 不定式是to be 结构, be 不可省.
e.g.: Would you like to be a teacher? I’d like to be.
练习
( )1.She pretended ______ me when I pasd by.
A. not to e B. not eing C. to not e D. having not en
( )2. There are five pairs ______, but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chon B. to choo from C. to choo D. for choosing
