考研英语（阅读）-试卷139
(总分40, 做题时间90分钟)
2. Reading Comprehension
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
In theory, a government bailout should provide a short-term" infusion of cash to give a struggling company the chance to right itlf. But in its aggressive dealings with U.S. automakers, most recently General Motors, the Obama administration is coming dangerously clo to engaging in financial engineering that ignores basic principles of fairness and economic realities toachieve political goals. It is now clear that there is no re
al difference between the government and GM. For all intents and purpos, the government, which is t to assume a 50 percent equity stake in the company, is GM, and it has been calling the shots in negotiations with creditors. While the Obama administration has been playing hardball with bondholders, it has been more than happy to play nice with the United Auto Workers (UAW). How el to explain why a retiree health-care fund controlled by the UAW is going to get a 39 percent equity stake in GM for its remaining $10 billion in claims while bondholders are being pressured to take a 10 percent stake for their $27 billion? It"s highly unlikely that the auto industry professionals at GM would have reached such a deal if the government had not been watching them—or providing the money needed to keep the factory doors open. GM is widely expected to file for bankruptcy before the end of this month. If this were a typical bankruptcy, the company would be allowed by law to tear up its UAW collective bargaining agreement and negotiate for drastically reduced wages and benefits. Surely, the government won"t let that happen. Still, the threat of a contract abolition probably played a role in the union"s agreement to cost-cutting measures last week. It"s never easy for unions to mak
e concessions, but the sting of handing back money is being softened by the government"s desire to give the union a huge ownership stake in GM. The administration argues that it could not risk alienating the union for fear of triggering a strike that could permanently cripple GM. It also assumes that it had to agree to protect suppliers and fund warranties in order to prerve jobs and reassure potential buyers that their cars would be rviced. The are legitimate concerns. But it"s too bad that the Obama administration has not thought more deeply about how its bullying of bondholders could convince future investors that the last thing they want to do is put money into any company that the government has—or could—become involved in.
1.
In its dealings with U.S. automakers, the Obama administration has
A been hard on shareholders and auto industry labor force.
B helped struggling automakers to right themlves with a short-term cash-infusion.
C narrowly avoided ignorance of basic principles of fairness and economic realities.
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D successfully saved the automaker-giants while striving for political goals.
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答案:C
解析：事实细节题。答案在第一段。其中讲到奥巴马政府过度干涉美国汽车制造商，特别是最近通用汽车公司的问题，险些卷入金融操纵的危险境地，那样就会无视公平的基本原则和经济现状，C项与之相符。A项labor:force与后文讲述的政府与UAW交好的事实相悖；B项是理论上政府应该采取的策略，然而并没有证据表明政府已经这样做；D项successfully saved与原文dangerously相悖。
2.
The statement "call the shots" (Line 3, Paragraph 2) is clost in meaning to
A implement strategies.
B have the final say.
C ek compromis.
苛刻什么意思
D make concessions.
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答案:B
解析：语义理解题。这类题型需要根据上下文推断出词义。文中前一句讲到政府实际就代表了通用公司，按照逻辑推理，可知政府在与债权人谈判中。它可以代表通用公司做决定，由此可知B项“有决定权”正确。A项“贯彻策略”泛泛而谈，且“策略”无出处；后一句说到奥巴马政府对债券持有人态度强硬(play hardball)，可排除C项“寻求和解”和D项“做出让步”。
3.
If it had not been watched by the government, GM would probably have
A impod no pressure on bondholders to take the 10% equity stake.
B cut the percentage of equity stake controlled by the UAW.
C torn up its UAW collective bargaining agreement in an illegal way.
D launched staff-downsizing and reduced workers" wages and benefits.
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答案:热门平板电脑B
解析：推理判断题。第二段讲到因为有政府的监管，上述协议才能达成。因此可以推断出，如果没有政府帮助，UAW很可能就得不到39%这么多的股权，故B项与之相符。A项i
mpod no pressure无法推理，原文只提出政府的介人使得债券持有人只获得了10%的股权，并未提及在政府坐视不理的假设下公司会向债券持有人施压：C项的illegal与第三段中“依照法律，通用公司可以撕毁和工人联合会的劳资协议”矛盾；D项downsizing并未提及。
没有规矩
4.
决议格式It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that the UAW gives top priority to
A taking its ownership stake in GM.
B enlarging the retiree health-care fund.
C raising workers" wages and benefits.
D validating the contract with GM.
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答案:D
解析：推理判断题。属段落细节推断。原文提到“废除合同的威胁很可能促成了工会在上周同意了有关降低成本的措施。”因为工人联合会担心协议被撕毁将一无所得，所以才同意了有关降低成本的措施。由此可见，他们最希望的就是能够保全之前与公司签订的协议，故D项正确。A项并非top priority，仅仅soften thesting；B项“增加退休人员的医保基金”未在此处提及；C项welfare and benefits并未提及。
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5.
To which of the following statements would the author most likely agree?
A The UAW should be fully satisfied in order to avoid a strike.
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B The administration has given more than enough sympathy to the workers.
C The unfair treatment can make future investors lo trust in the government.
D Legitimate concerns are only tools of the government to achieve political goals.
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答案:C
解析：观点态度题。从全文意义以及最后一段可以推断出作者的观点态度，即政府行为会导致投资者不愿再把钱投资到与政府有关的企业中，因为政府可能会损害他们的利益来保护劳工权益，C项与之相符。A项“为了避免罢工，应该要尽量满足UAW的要求”、B项“政府已经给予工人最大限度的同情”均是政府托词，而非作者意见：D项“合理考虑仅仅是政府为达到政治目的而使用的手段”未提及。
Biographies can be wearisome contrivances, often too long and too detailed for their own good. Biographers make the mistake of spending too much time worshipping their subjects. Think of the authoritative three-volume life of Robert Frost by Lawrence Thompson, for example, and how the biographer pasd, over the many years of its making, from hero worship to inten dislike of thepoet he shadowed for almost a quarter
of a century. Yes, too long and inten an acquaintance can lead to sourness. As the bicentenary of Charles Darwin"s birth on February 12th approaches, it is good to welcome a biography which is relatively small, but in no way superficial or meager. Ruth Padel has achieved this feat by writing her great-great-grandfather"s life in a quence of often quite short poems. Through her vers she eks to capture the "voice" of Darwin. Ms Padel embeds many of Darwin"s own words—from his books or his letters—in her poems, and the results tend to give the n of being jointly authored. Sometimes she shapes entire pieces of quotation into her own poetic passages. If this ems to be a bit of sly plagiarism, it doesn"t feel like it. It feels more like a skillful act of collaboration between the living and the dead, one melding easily with the other. Why does this book work so well? How does it manage to say so much in so few words? Ms Padel ems to have caught the esnce of the man"s .character, as if in a butterfly net. She enters into his cast of mind, bringing across his hyper-nsitivity, his n of fragility, his lifelong boldness, and the poems are a quence of snapshots—often small, intermittent and delicately imagistic—of particularly crucial incidents in his life; of moments of intellectual il
lumination. It is not easy to describe a whole life in relatively few words. You need to find some way of filling in the background. Ms Padel has overcome this problem by having paragraphs of notes run, in a single column, beside the texts of the poems so that they can be read side by side. And why are poems a good way of iUuminating a life such as Darwin"s? The best lyric poems— think of Keats or Shelley, for example—are moments of sudden insight. And Darwin, throughout, was in the grip of something very similar: a terrible, destabilizing n of wonder. He nd hints of the marvelous everywhere he looked. All the sadder then—and this is something that Ms Padel does not explain—that, later in life, the man who carried with him on the Beagle Channel a copy of Milton"s "Paradi Lost" found that he could no longer enjoy poetry.
