语法系列复习专题二好12-----代词
代词的分类
1.人称代词:有主格、宾格、所有格(含形容词性和名词性两种所有格)
2.反身代词:mylf ,yourlf ,himlf ,herlf ,itlf ,ourlves ,yourlves
themlves
3.指示代词:this ,that ,the ,tho
4.疑问代词:who ,whom ,what ,which
5.相互代词:each other ,one another
6.不定代词:some ,any ,all ,both ,none ,one, each ,either ,neither ,other ,another,
something ,anything ,nothing ,anyone ,anybody , someone ,somebody ,nobody
7.关系代词(用于定语从句):who ,whom ,who,that ,which ,as
代词用法注意点
1.名词性所有格代词可作主语、宾语、表语,可用于双重所有格。例如:
This isnt my book. Its his. Mine is in the bag. /Is she a friend of yours ?/Do
you think this bag of mine beautiful ?/She lost some pencils of hers.
2.反身代词可用于某些固定搭配。例如:
①(all)by onelf 自己单干,独立干:
The boy usually finishes his homework by himlf.
②of onelf 自动地,自行地:
Mary will correct her mistakes in the exercis of herlf.
③for onelf 替/为自己:You have to choo for yourlf.
3.指示代词this/the一般用来指时间和空间上较近的人或物;that/tho 常指时间和
空间上较远的人或物。
进行比较时,that可代替不可数名词或单数名词以避免重复;tho 可代替复数名词以
免重复。例如:
The water of the well is cleaner than that of the river./The Christmas cards are
much better than tho you bought yesterday.
4.相互代词each other ,one another.前者通常指两者之间的“相互”,后者侧重三者或三
者以上的“相互”,也可指两者之间的“相互”。
5.不定代词
①some多用于肯定句;any多用于否定句,疑问句或条件句中。另外some可用于表示请求、
提议或者希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,修饰可数名词,表示“任何、无论哪一个”
例如:
If you have any ink ,plea give me some.
Edison became quite expert at it and could find work in any town he went to.
②all 与none
all表示“三者或三者以上全部”,可以修饰可数、不可数名词。none用于表示对三个或
三个以上的人或物的否定,意思是“没有什么人,没有什么东西”,可作主语和宾语。none
午睡英语 of…后的谓语可以是单数或复数形式。none可以简略回答以How many或How much开头
牛心 的疑问句。
例如:
None of them have/has failed.
—— How many books are there on the desk ? —— None.
注意:no one (=nobody)不同于none ,作主语时只能跟单数谓语,不可跟of短语连用,
回答以who开头的问句,不能回答How many/much …开头的问句。
例如:
—— Who is in the room ? —— no one(受宠若惊近义词=Nobody).
——Is there any oil in the glass ? —— None.
③other ,another ,the other ,others ,the others
other表示“没有范围的,其他的”,与名词复数连用。如:other books/boys/…
another泛指很多中的“另一个”,可作代词或形容词用,代替或修饰单数可数名词。
如:
I dont like this hat ,plea show me another.
the other可作代词或形容词用,指已知的事物或人中的“另一个”,或另一方中的“全
部其他的”。
如:
I have two sisters.One is a student and the other is a worker./I can e only
two teachers in the office.Where are the other teachers ?
others泛指其他的人或物;the others特指其余的人或物。others常和some对比使用。
例如:
Thirty students in our class are boys ,the others are girls.
Some are carrying water ,others are watering the trees.
④one作为不定代词,泛指“任何人”(包括说话人在内),还可用来代替上文出现过的可
数名词(指人或物),并有复数形式ones。
例如:
I have bought a new bike.My old one doesnt work./One must do ones duty.
注意:one ,that都可代替前面出现过的单数名词,但这样用时,one可被前置或后置
定语修饰,that只能被后置定语修饰。
例如:
This book is the one that is needed by him.
My at is next to that of our teacher.
代词考点分析
1.—— When shall we meet again ?
—— Make it _____ day you like;its all the same to me.
A.one B.any C.some D.another
析: 此题答案为B。若选A,one day意“过去girlfriend/将来的某一天”;若选C,some day意“有朝一日”、“将来某一天”、“迟早”;若选D,another day意“改日”、“又/另一天”;选B,any day意“随便哪一天”、“无论哪一天”,显然它适合此题。
2.Im reading a new book the days ,_____ in English.
A.it B.that C.one D.which
析: 排除A选项it的原因是因为it前或后都不可放定语;若选B项that,则因其不能替代同一事物,也可排除;至于D项which,因其是定语从句引导词,在此明显不合用。只有C项one一方面它可有前置或后置定语,另一方面它可以替代前面出现的名词a book,故是正确答案。
3.There were two boys who called and I gave an apple to _____.
A.every B.all C.either D.each
析: 由题干内容可知有两个孩子在叫喊,故all(指三者或三者以上)不可选;every表“两者中任意的一个”,在此不符合情景之需要。只有D,each(两者中的每一个闲逸)填入空白才合题干内容。
4.We dont know _____ of the visitors here;we only know some.
A.everyone B.every one C.anybody D.each one
析: 因为everyone ,everybody ,anybody等不定代词一般不带限定语(此处不能与of短语连用),故A、C挑衅的近义词选项可排除。若选D项,因not…each结构表全否定,与下句“借条正确写法we only know some”不合,故不能成立。只有选B时,not…every表半否定,与下句意相合。
5.Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in _____.
A.the other B.some other C.others D.tho other
析: 根据in some ways(在某些方面),可知空白处要选表达复数意义的词,据此可排除
A、B;又因为没有tho other这样的词语,故可排除D。根据some常与others相呼应使用规律,可定C为正确答案。
6.The question is too difficult and we found _____.
A.it not easy to answer it B.it was not easy for us to answer it