作业指导书
点点梦想城 (一)
Task Steering
（第一版 1nd edition）
编制：
审核：
批准：
执行日期：2007年10月20日
1．目的Purpo
1.1为使钢结构的部件和焊缝采用X射线检测时其全过程的操作规范化，以便获得合格的透照底片，正确反映产品质量。Standardize the whole process of X-ray inspecting in order to ac
quire eligible negative reflecting quality of products correctly.妇洁舒洗液
2．适用范围Applied scope
2.1本规程适用于钢结构中板厚3~40mm的对接焊缝的射线透照检测。This regulations is applied to radial inspecting of butt weld of 3~40mm thickness steel structure plate.
3．引用标准Quoted standards
3.1ANSI/AWS D1.1(2006) “Structural welding code-steel”（钢结构焊接标准）
3.2ASTM/E 747（使用金属线透度计控制射线照相检测质量的方法）
3.3ASME SEC .V
3.4ASME B31.3
4．实施步骤Procedure of performance
4.1人员的要求Requirements of personnel
4.1.1从事射线照相检测的人员，必须掌握射线探伤的基础技术，具有足够的部件和焊缝射线探伤经验，并掌握一定的材料，焊接基础知识。The person who inspect must know basic technology of NDT, basic knowledge of welding and material but have enough experienceios模拟器电脑版.
4.1.2探伤人员应由相关部门无损检测考核委员会培训和考核，并持有相关部门无损检测考核委员会认可的RTⅡ级或以上资格证书，才能从事与该等级相应的检验工作。The person who carries out flaw detecting should be trained and qualified by concerned Non-destructive testing committee and have certificate of RTⅡor above.
4.1.3评片员每年进行视力检查，不得有色盲和色弱，其近距离视力或近距离矫正视力不低于J1/J2. The person who asss film will check his/her vision acuity every year. Not allowed to have color blindness and color weakness，Vision of clo quarters or vision acuity of corrected should above JI/J2.
4.2表面状态Surface condition：
焊缝及热影响区的表面质量（包括焊缝余高）应经外观检查合格。表面的不规则状态在底片上的图像不应掩盖焊缝中的缺陷或与之相混淆，否则应做适当的修整。The quality of welding line and heat-affected zone (include weld reinforcement) should be inspected by visual. Defects of weld shouldn’t be covered up by image on negative which showing irregular state of surface, otherwi it should be adjusted in some extent.
4.3工作安全Working safety：
射线探伤工作应符合所有适用的安全规程This regulation should be compliant to all suitable safety rules.。
4.4X射线设备见表1 About equipments of X-ray plea e table 1
表Table 1
制造厂家Manufacturer | 型号type | 管电压voltage | 管电流current |
Rigakucorporation | 300EG-S3 | 300KV | 5MA |
日本理学 | 250EG-S2 | 250KV | 5MA |
BALTOSPOT | GFK-208 | 尿隐血是什么原因200KV | 5MA/8MA |
中国丹东射线仪器公司 | XXG-2505 | 250KV | 组织考察5MA |
中国丹东射线仪器公司 | XXG-2005 | 200KV | 5MA |
| | | |
4.5炒作产品射线胶片和增感屏Intensifying screen and film of X-ray：
射线胶片采用AGFA100X300，增感屏采用pb:0.03前后铅箔屏。We adopted AGFA100X300 film, pb:0.03 intensifying screen.
4.6喀麦隆国家队线型象质计Linetype IQI：
象质计是用来检查透照技术和胶片处理质量的，本规程使用的线型象质计的型号和规格应符合AWS D1.1:2006第197页的规定。
线型象质计的选用和要求见图A IQI is for check transilluminating technology and quality of film processing. The type and specification of linetype that ud must be suit with regulation in page 197 of AWS D1.1: 2006. About choosing and requirements of IQI plea e graph A
烤箱怎么做面包
4.7探伤工艺Workmanship of fault detection：
4.7.1X射线拍摄射线照片时，焦点应尽可能对准受检焊缝的长度和宽度中心，射线源—工件距离应不少于在单一平面上曝光的底片总长度，一般采用焦距=600mm。When taken pictures by X-radial, focus should be on length &width center of weld. Ray source-generally focus=600mm, workpiece shouldn’t be less than total length of exposal negative.
4.7.2胶片应有足够长度，所放位置应使焊缝末端自由边以外，至少有13mm的胶片受到射线源的直接照射，胶片的宽度应使焊接接头所有部分均摄入照片，包括热影响区，照片上还应有足够空间容纳线型象质计和胶片识别标记而不影响焊缝及热影响区的范围。Film should have enough length, more than 13mm film is direct irradiated by ray source. It should have enough width to make sure all welding joints are taken into photo including heat-affected zone. Photos also should have enough space to contain line-type IQI and identifying marks without influencing scope of welding line and heat-affected zone.
为减少散射线的影响，应采用 1mm的铅板屏蔽背后散射。In order to reduce influence of s
cattered ray we should adopt 1mm leading to screen dispersion.
4.7.4 为检查背后散射，应在暗盒背面贴附一个“B”的铅字标记（B的高度 为 13mm，厚度1.6mm），若在较黑背景上出现“B”的较淡影象，说明背后散射防护不够，应予重照。In order to check dispersion we could attach a letter B on castte’s back (Height 13mm, thickness 1.6mm), if there is B light image on dark background it means we should pay attention on dispersion.
4.7.5线型象质计应放在射线一侧的工作表面上被检焊缝区的两端（按图1或图2要求）。Wire type IQI should put both ends of inspected weld on working surface along one side of ray. (Plea e graph 1&2)
4.7.6定位标记和识别标记Position mark and identifying mark：
在每个拍摄位置近处的钢材上放置一个定位标记和识别标记。
Place a position mark and identifying mark on steel material that near every shooting position
4.7.6.1表明焊缝透照部位的铅质定位标记包括中心标记（ ） 和搭接标记（ ）。Position mark includes center mark ( ) and lapping mark ( )
