高考必备——优秀试题大搜索，优中选优之阅读7选5
（5）--科技与创新
七选五【2023届山西省高三1月适应性调研考试（一模）】油咖喱
You’ve probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物种)in films or books. The centaurs in the Harry Potter films are hybrids of human and hor. ____16____
Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals. ____17____ What’s more, many plants that people eat, from strawberries to carrots, corn and potatoes, have been created by hybridization.
Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs when animals’ normal territory overlaps(部分重叠). ____18____ The grolar bear is a hybrid that happens when grizzly and polar bears mate. As the environment warms, grizzlies in Alaska and Canada wander further north, bringing them into contact with polar bears.
Artificial mixing often happens in zoos, where different species that don’t normally meet in the wild can be introduced to each other. Ligers(lion and tiger hybrids)are unlikely to occur in nature, becau the only place that their habitats overlap is the Gir Forest in India. ____19____ Mixed species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals. Most hybrids born in zoos are infertile, which means they are unable to have babies. However, many cross-breeds born in the wild, like the grolar bear, can have their own babies.
____20____ “It’s part of the evolutionary process,” he says. Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a new species and increa the variety of living things.
A．Wildlife conrvation is of significance.陈俊威
B．Did you know hybridization is a biological process?
C．That’s due to habitat destruction or changing climate.
D．Did you know that hybrids appear in the natural world, too?
E．Jimmy believes species hybridization in nature is a good thing.
F．奶奶的简笔画Many conrvationists think that creating hybrids is a bad thing.
G．Living things, especially plants, will naturally hybridize in the wild.
【答案】16．D 17．G 18．C 19．F 20．E
【文章大意】本文为说明文，主题语境为人与自然。文章主要介绍了动植物的杂交并且举例说明其发生条件以及结果。
16．根据上文“You’ve probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物种)in films or books. The centaurs in the Harry Potter films are hybrids of human and hor.(你可能在电影或书中听说过杂交物种。《哈利波特》系列电影中的人马是人和马的杂交物种。)”以及下文“Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals.(杂交在动植物中时有发生。)”毕业论文封面可知，杂交物种出现在电影或书里和下文杂交出现在植物和动物中，可以看出此处起着承上启下的作用，D项（你知道自然世界里也有杂交物种吗?）符合语境。故选D项。
17．根据上文“Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals.(杂交在动植物中都有发生。)”以及下文“What’s more, many plants that people eat, from strawberries to carrots, corn and potatoes, have been created by hybridization. (更重要的是，人们吃的许多植物，从草莓到胡萝卜、玉米和土豆，都是通过杂交培育出来的。)”可知，本段主要谈论植物的杂交，表示承接与递进关系，G项（生物，尤其是植物，会在野外自然杂交）中“especially plants”与上下文有对应关系，符合语境。故选G项。
18．根据上文“Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs when animals’ normal territory overlaps(部分重叠).(杂交有时发生在动物的正常领地重叠的时候)”以及下文“The grolar bear is a hybrid that happens when grizzly and polar bears mate. (北极灰熊是灰熊和北极熊交配后的杂交后代。)”可知，C项（这是由于栖息地破坏或气候变化）中“That’s due to”指代上文“Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs”发生条件，下文举例说明提及重叠的原因，符合语境。故选C项。
19．根据上文“Ligers(lion and tiger hybrids)are unlikely to occur in nature, becau the only place that their habitats overlap is the Gir Forest in India.(狮虎(拔罐后的注意事项狮子和老虎的混合体)
在自然界中不太可能出现，因为它们的栖息地唯一重叠的地方是印度的吉尔森林。)”以及下文“Mixed species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals.(与其他动物相比，混合物种出生时更有可能出现健康问题。100个世界之最)”可知，F项（许多环保主义者认为创造杂交物种是一件坏事）中高等学校教师资格证“a bad thing”与下文“health issues”有对应关系，可推断此处是对杂交的消极看法，符合语境。故选F项。
20．根据段落结构以及下文“ ‘It’s part of the evolutionary process,’he says. Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a new species and increa the variety of living things.(他说:“这是进化过程的一部分。”来姨妈能吃草莓吗肥沃的杂交可以导致新物种的产生，并增加生物的种类。)”可知，此处是积极的态度和看法，E项（吉米相信自然界中的物种杂交是一件好事）中“a good thing”与下文的“lead to the creation”以及“increa the variety”形成对应关系，符合语境。故选E项。
七选五【2023届四川省广安市高三上学期第一次诊断性】
A microscope is a scientific instrument that reveals objects which are normally too small for the human eyes to e. Microscopes u veral lens(镜片) to provide a large imag
e of a tiny object and they have been important in the study of biology.
__16__. People noticed that single lens could make objects larger and also that they could focus the sun’s rays to start a fire. The early lens were called burning glass. This led to the development of eye-glass or spectacles in the early 1300s.
In the late 1500s, two Dutch spectacle makers, Hans and Zaccharias Jansn, invented the first true microscope. __17__, and they were surprid to discover that they could make objects look many times bigger. Galileo, an Italian scientist, improved the quality of the lens to produce better quality microscopes and telescopes.
Anthony Leeuwenhoek(1632-1723) and Robert Hooke(1635-1703) were two early urs of the microscope. __18__ . Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria and showed how a drop of water is full of living creatures. Robert Hooke wrote a book Micrographia which described this new world of micro- organisms with drawings that amazed the world.
For two hundred years, there was little development of the microscope until new industria
l techniques produced accurate and powerful lens. __19__ , so they were often inaccurate. In the early twentieth century, the USA and Germany produced powerful microscopes in large numbers for export around the world.
