Lesson 2 Breakfast or Lunch
一、句式.
由感叹词what引导的感叹句.
what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式：
米粉肉的做法 1. What+a<an>+〔形容词〕+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！如：
What an apple this is! What a fine day it is!
2. What+<形容词〕+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！
What kind women they are! What nice music it is!
由How引导的感叹句.
how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词.其结构是：How+形容词〔副词〕+主语+谓语！
How hard the workers are working!
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the boy is writing!
注意：当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前.
How the runner runs!
what与how引导的感叹句,一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变.如：
What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is!
what a beautiful building it is!==How beautiful the building is!
在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略.如：
What a nice prent!〔省略it is〕
How disappointed!〔省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语〕
关于感叹句 what 和 how 的区别：
一、 由"what"引导的感叹句："what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词〔被强调部分〕,单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是：
what+<a/an>+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+<it is>.
如： ① What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！
二、由"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词〔被强调部分〕.如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是：
How+adj.〔adv.〕+主语+谓语+<it is>.
如： How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！
三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导.如：
What a hot day it is! How hot the day is !
四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲.
如： What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！
二、词汇：
1. get: 获得,取得,得到,收到
Did they get any compensation when they were dismisd from their jobs?
I must get some fruit in the market.
经典用法: get sth. done
联想: get on 进展; 上车
get off
get up
2. stay: <1> 停留 <2> 暂住；逗留；作客
The doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks.
In my letter, I told her that she could stay with us.
经典用法: stay at home 呆在家里
stay overnight 住一夜
3. look: 看；注视〔2〕看起来；好像
The teacher told us to look at the blackboard.
That looks like an interesting film.
〔3〕〔与for连用〕找,寻找
The children were looking for a ball.
This guest hou is full. We must look for rooms elwhere.
〔4〕〔与into连用〕调查
The mayor promid to look into the matter.
经典用法: <1> look after 照料
My friend looked after my cat while I was on holiday.
Robert's old enough to look after himlf.
<2> look down on 轻视,看不起
除去眼袋<3> look forward to 盼望；期待：
We are all looking forward to our holiday.
I'm looking forward to eing you this summer vacation.
<4> look out 注意
Look out, there's a car coming. 留神,汽车过来了.
Look out! There is danger ahead. 当心!前面危险.
联想: look, sight, view, glance, glimp这组名词在一起比较的含义都与视觉有关.
小金鱼作文<1> look 一般有这样两层含义：对视觉器官的使用,即"朝……看〞；看的行为所产生的印象,用于人时指"神态〞或"样子〞,用于物时指"面貌〞
May I have a look at it plea? 请让我看一看好吗？
The old city has taken on a new look. 旧城换新貌.
<2> sight 表示"视觉所接受的景象〞,但不含有"自觉地使用视觉器官〞的意思,而表示"目的物进入了眼帘〞.这时它虽是名词,却有动作的含义,常用于 catch sight of 和 at the sight of 等短语中.sight 在用于表示风景时,一般有修饰语来说明"特征〞,从而使视觉所接受的印象更为明确,更为具体
…but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk. 但是那公牛突然看到了那个酒汉.
…you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains… ……
你可以欣赏那连绵不断的云海的非凡景象……
<3> view 在表示动作概念时,含有注视的意思；在表示风景时,不象 sight 那样要求有修饰语.如果说 sight 有"视力〞的含义,那么 view 有"见解〞的含义
…The landscape is hidden from view. …大地的风光被遮住而看不见了<其含义是想去观赏,凝视>
An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. 腿部减肥>关于历史故事的成语
飞机为你提供非凡的,令人惊诧不已的地球景色.〔句中的 view 既有凝视的动作含义,又有风景的状态含义〕
He always takes an extreme view. 他总是持极端见解.
巴西用英语怎么说<4> glance 的原义是"闪现〞,如活动着的反光物体在阳光下的闪烁,后来慢慢演变为"迅速的看〞这一含义
He took a glance at it briefly, and then he told me to look again.
他向它略略瞟了一眼,然后叫我再看看.
<5> glimp 既可表示瞥一眼的行为,又可表示瞥一眼所看到的东西
When he began to play a tune, we had our first glimp of the snake.
当他开始吹一支曲子时,我们第一次瞥见了那条蛇.
This is my glimp of New York. 这就是我对纽约的一瞥所见.
4. What a day!
What a fine day. / How fine it is today.
What a beautiful girl. / How beautiful she is.
5. just then:
just now:
just:
6. ring: 发出响声
He rang the bell but no one came to the door.
How long has that telephone been ringing ?
经典用法: give sb. a ring 给…打 / I gave him a ring.
全国道德模范联想: n. 戒指, 耳环 / a wedding ring
7. arrive: 到达, 来到 <in, at>
经典用法: to arrive home 到家
arrive at a conclusion 得出结论唐太宗论止盗
to arrive at a decision 达成决议
Until直到….为止, not until直到…才
肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时",动词必须是延续性的.
否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事".动词为延续性或非延续性都可以
频率副词 Sometimes always usually rarely frequently
Lesson2. 1. <c> 2. <d> 3. <c> 4. <c> 5. <a> 6.<b> 7. <b> 8. <a> 9. <d> 10. <c> 11. <d> 12. <b>
