第十一章 独立主格结构
i.构成及类型
1.构成:“名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语”=“逻辑主语+逻辑谓语/表语"。
2.作用:相当于状语从句,表示方式或伴随的状态或动作;有时也表示时间、原因、条件。家庭教育心得体会
3.独立主格的结构类型:
1)名词/代词+现在分词(具有主动意义)
2)名词/代词+过去分词(具有被动意义)
3)名词/代词十形容词.
4)名词/代词+不定式
5)名词/代词+介词短语
6)名词/代词十副词
7) there being 结构
4.“with+宾语+补语”=“with+独立主格结构”,表示伴随原因或条件。
专项练习
( )1.It______heavily, the game had to be delayed.
A. was snowing B. snowing C. snowed D. had snowed
芦荟有什么作用( )2.______, the lecture began.
A. The listeners having taken their ats B. Having taken their ats
C. Taking their ats D. The listeners to take their ats
( ) 3.______ , Tom went out to play.
A. There was nothing to do B. There had nothing to do
C. As there had nothing to do D. There being nothing to do
( )4.______the leaves are beginning
左炮台A. Autumn comes; to fall B. Autumn coming; to fall
元旦起源C. As autumn coming; falling D. Autumn to come; falling
( )5.______the patient can leave the hospital.
A. Better conditions B. Conditions better
C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions
( )6.______ , the patient can leave the hospital.
A. If better conditions B. If conditions better
C. If conditions are better D. Being better conditions
( )7.______, we'd like to go outing.
A. Being Sunday B. Sunday OK C. Sunday is OK D. If Sunday OK
( )8.______we'd like to go outing.
A. If Sunday is OK B. Sunday being OK C. Sunday OK D. A,B and C
( ) 9. ______, you can wait a while.
A. The play being still on B. The play still on
C. Being still on the play D. A and B
( ) 10.______，so you can wait a while.
A. The play is still on B. The play being still on
C. As the play is still on D. The play still on
ii.独立主格结构表达的意义
1.表示伴随的动作或状态、方式或补充说明。
2.说明时间或顺序。
3.表示原因。
4.表示条件。
专项练习
( ) 1. The man rushed into the hou, his face______under his cap.
A. hiding B. having hidden C. hidden D. to hide
( )2.______no bus, we had to walk home.
A. 坏疽性阑尾炎There being B. Being C. Having been D. There was
( )3.______no bus, we had to walk home.
A. As there being B. As there was C. Being D. There was
( )4.______Sunday, the library doesn’t open.
A. Being B. There being C. It being D. Having been
( )5.______Sunday, the library doesn’t open.
A. As it being B. Being C. It is D. As it it
( )6._____,the煮粥要多久 train started.
A. The signal given B. Giving the signal
C. The signal being given D. The signal giving
( )7.______, the train started.
A. After having given the signal B. After the signal given
C. Giving the signal D. After the signal was given
( ) 8._____ , the text became easier for us to learn.
A. Explaining new words B. New words explained
C. Being explained new words D. Having explained new words
( )9.______ , the text became easier for us to learn.
A. When new words were explained B. Explaining new words
C. New words explaining D. Being explained new words
( ) 10. So many problems______, l'm in a tight corner.
A. ttled B. remained to ttle
C. being ttled D. remaining to be ttled
( ) 11. The speech______, a lively discussion started.
A. being delivered B. was delivered
C. be delivered D. having been delivered
( ) 12. My money______, I have to do some part-time job______my living.
A. has run out; earning B. is running out; to earn
C. has been run out; earning D. running out; to earn
( )13.______, we don't have to go home on foot.
A. There comes a bus B. Coming a bus there
C. There coming a bus D. Becau the bus coming
( ) 14. The meeting______over, we all left the room.
A. is B. to be C. being D. would be贾祖璋
( ) 15. European football is played in 80 countries, it______the most popular sport in the world,
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
( )16.______such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered B. Suffering
C. To suffer D. Suffered
( ) 17. The fish______bad, the children left much of it
A. tasted, untouched B. tasting, untouched
C. tasting, untouching D. tasted, untouching
( )18.______from what you say, he ought to succeed.
A. Judged B. Judging
C. When you judged D. Becau you judge
( ) 19. Everything______into consideration, they ought to have another chance.
A. to take B. taken
C. to be taken D. taking
( ) 20. Time______, I'll drop in on you while visiting your hometown.静态图片
