留一点什么给自己作文600字英语中的修辞手法
1.明喻(Simile)
明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体的关系,两者都在对比中出现,其基本格式是“A像B”,常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。
例如:土耳其留学
●He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushedsintoshis wrinkled face.
●The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (支票跌落到地上,像一只断了翅膀的小鸟。)
●Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.(正如爬山,我们费力爬上三英尺,又掉下去两英尺。)
I e also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish mass of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swa
rm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻,把德国士兵比作蝗虫,因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。)
2.暗喻(Metaphor)
暗喻也是一种比喻,但不用比喻词,因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compresd simile)。它直接把一种事物名称用在另一事物上,从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理,增强语言的表现力。
例如:
●What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? (如果没有这位电子保姆,父母该怎么办呢?)形象地说明了电视机的保姆功用。
●... while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of prai.(……但是我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风,而不愿意给自己的同伴赞扬的阳光。)作者把批评比作冷风,把赞扬比作温暖的阳光,
水培蔬菜怎么种植
●will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous a.(我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。)
●Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧,孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。)
●Each letter was a ed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.(每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子,浪漫之花含苞待放。)
●German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells
德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
●The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.
钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
3.借代(Metonymy)
英语中将借代通称为metonymy(换喻、转喻)。转喻(即借代)是通过相近的联想,借喻体代替本体。它是由某一事物名称来代替与该事物有密切关联的另一事物的名称。本体和喻体联系紧密,但表面并不相似,有如下种类:
1.以抽象代具体,如heart and head代情感与理智(所以提喻其实是借代的一种;
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2.以特殊个人、地点、事物等名字代一类人或某机构:downing street代英国政府,Beijing代中国政府,He is another Shylock,Shylock代和其性格(吝啬)一样的人;
3.以容器或工具代相邻的事物,如The kettle is boiling.kettle(水壶)在此指代水,其实是水烧开而不是水壶烧开;等等。
4.你这里的ear应该指代欣赏音乐的能力,ear和欣赏能力外表并不相似,但联系紧密,因为耳朵可作为聆听、鉴赏音乐的工具。
●Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himlf was coming to
山竹英文几年以后,他们听说拿破仑要亲自来视察他们。word”在这里代替了“news, information”(消息、信息)
●Al spoke with his eyes,“yes”.
艾尔用眼睛说,“是的”。“说”应该是嘴的功能,这里实际上是用眼神表达了“说话的意思”。
●My 15 students read Emerson, Thoreau, and Huxley.(我的十五位学生读了爱默生、梭罗和赫胥黎的作品。)这是典型的转喻,以人名借代作品。
●Against the Oval Earth man, the first card I can play is the analogy of the sun and moon. (面对“地球卵形说”者,我能打的第一张牌是,太阳和月亮的相似性。)文中作者用具体第一张牌来借代抽象的“第一个论据”。
●“The pen is mightier than than the sword”,句中用pen 表power of literature,用sword代force。
●The bus in America are on strike now.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工(这里bus 喻指司机drivers)。
●“Well,”said the doctor.“I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient
begins to count the carriages in her funeral porcession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.”(“好吧,”医生说,“我会尽力做到科学能做到的,但每当我的病人开始数自己葬礼上的马车时,药物的疗效就会减掉一半。”)七年级英语单词表上册
4.提喻(Synecdoche)
提喻又称举隅法,代表整体与部分的关系。或以全体喻指部分,或以抽象代具体,或以具体代抽象,原材料代成品等等。
1.整体替代部分:Argentina beat China.
2.部分替代整体:We are short of hands.
●The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.长城不仅是用石头和土建造的,而且是用几百万人的血和肉建成的。句中的“the flesh and blood”喻为“the great sacrifice”(巨大的牺牲)
●“...saying that it was the most beautiful tongue in the world,...”
骑士精神歌词
他说这是世界上最美的语言。这里用具体的“tongue”代替抽象的“language”。
●Many eyes turned to a tall,20—year black girl on the U.S. team.
很多人将眼光投向美国队一个高高的20岁的黑姑娘。这里的“many eyes”代替了“many persons”。:
●She has got five mouths to feed.此five mouths
指代五口人,本体和喻体是局部与整体的关系;
●Aunt Melissa is my admiration。
此admiration的钦佩的人,本体和喻体是抽象与具体的关系;
●Where did you buy this cotton?
此cotton代表衣服,本体与喻体为原材料与成品的关系。
●He earned his bread as a dust man.
这里的bread应该指生计,本体和喻体是具体与抽象的关系。
5.拟人(Personification)杀人场
拟人是把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物上,使之人格化的修辞格。
例如:
●... four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner,swheresthey struggled to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road.(四丛常绿灌木分别位于每个角落,它们忍受着从繁忙的大街上吹来的尘烟,挣扎着活下去。)“挣扎”是有生命的物体的动作,作者给自然的花草赋予了生命,使它人格化。
●But the hous were cold, clod, unfriendly.(可是那些房子冷漠无情,门窗紧闭,一点也不友好。)hou本来是没有感情的,作者通过拟人的手法,表现房子里人的冷漠无情。
●The first day of this term found me on my way to school, beautiful flowers smiling and
lovely birds singing in the wood.(新学期第一天上学的路上,美丽的花儿在微笑,可爱的小鸟在林中歌唱.)(采用拟人化的修辞手法使句更为生动,表达更富情感.)
●The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare.(萧瑟的秋风吹落了枝叶,藤上几乎是光秃秃的。) (这里作者运用了拟人手法,将秋天比做人,秋天吹出的寒冷的呼吸就是秋风。语言表达生动、有力,让人有身处其境的感觉)
●She may have tens of thousand of babies in one summer.
一个夏天她可能生育成千上万个孩子。这里用“she”和“babies”把蜜蜂比作人类妇女的生育。
●My only worry was that January would find me hunting for a job again.