2022届高考英语二轮复习【介词】语法突破（05）
一、介词（短语）语法题答题技巧：
固定搭配：动词+介词； 介词+名词； 形容词+介词
语境分析：介词基本语意及用法
二、介词基本用法：
1.表示地点、位置的介词
1) “在……”
at | 在小地点 | He arrived at the station at ten. |
在……附近，旁边 | He is sitting at the table. |
in | 在大地点 | He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. |
以少胜多的战役在…范围之内 | Jilin lies in the northeast of China. |
on | 喘气毗邻，接壤 | Russia lies on the north of China. |
to | 在……范围外 | Korea is to the northeast of China. |
off | 离…不远； | The boat was anchored off the coast. |
| | |
“上/10个寓言故事下”
| 垂 直 | 不垂直 | 相接触 |
在……上 | over | above | on |
在……下 | under | below | beneath |
| | | |
Eg. The bird is flying above my head.
There is a stone bridge over the river.
He put his watch on the desk.
There is a cat under the table.
Plea write your name below the line.
He stuck his phone beneath the table to avoid being found by the teacher.
| 温度、高度 | 速度、年龄 |
高于, 多于 | above合同的形式 | over |
低于, 少于 | below | under |
| | |
Eg. The temperature will stay above zero in the daytime.
This place is below a level.
There are over forty students in the classroom.
It took us under an hour to prepare for the coming meeting.
across/through “穿过”
She ran across the road.
He walked through the forest.
in/on “在飞机头短发…上”
The apples on the tree em to have been ripe.
The bird in the tree ems to be singing.
The little boy burst into tears becau a ball happened to hit him on the no. (头，额，鼻，耳，肩，腿，颈)
You shouldn’t hit anyone in the face. (脸，眼，嘴，腹)
2.表示时间的介词
1) in , on，at “在……时”
in >一天 | 世纪、朝代、年、季节、月 注：泛指早午晚 | in the 1950s, in summer, in January, in one’s life , in one’s thirties |
on =一天 | 具体某一天及其早、午、晚 | on May 1st, on Monday, on my birthday on a cold night, on Sunday afternoon |
at <一天 | 某一时刻或较短暂的时间 注：at (mid)night, at noon | at 3:20, at this time of year at this moment, at the end of |
| | |
注：节日中如含有day, 介词用on；如含有festival，常用at；
on New Year’s Day, on Children’s Day
at the Spring Festival，at Christmas,
注：时间名词前有last, next, this, that, the, tho，some, any, every, each, one, all等
词时，前面不用介词。(next week, last Sunday, that morning, the years)
Eg. We met him at Wanda Plaza one day.
You will realize your dream some day.
2) in, after “在……之后”
in +段时间诗图 | 表将来 | She will come back in three days. |
after+段时间 | 指过去 | He returned after five months. |
after+将来点时间 | 表将来某一时刻以后 | She will appear after five o’clock. |
| | |
注：for+段时间（现完） He have been here for two years.
段时间+before（过完） He had graduated two years before.
段时间+ago（v-ed） I heard form Emma two days ago.
between、among“在……之间”：
between 两者；There is a football match between Class One and Class Two.
among 三者及以上；The teacher is standing among the students.
by, in，on, 表出行方式
by | by a, by water, by bike, by air, by plane |
in/on | in a car, on my bike, on horback, on foot |
| 剥削阶级 |
表示方法、手段、工具
by “按…算” | by the year/hour/day, by the pound/ton; |
by/through 通过…（方式/手段） | by phone/email, by hard work, through his efforts |
with+工具 with+表示情感态度的名词 | with a pen; with satisfaction, with permission |
in+语言/笔墨焦海涛/颜色/情绪 | in English, in ink, in high spirits, in surpri |
| |
He makes a living by _____(ll) newspapers.
He broke the window _____ a stone.
“除了……”
except | 除……之外 | I know nothing about it except what I have read in the newspaper. |
besides | 除……还有 | What kind of music do you like besides classical? |
except for | 除了…(不同类) | His concert is great except for a few mistakes in lyrics. |
| | |
注： Except for me，everyone is tired. (except for 位于句首时相当于except)
Everyone is tired except me. (except通常不用于句首)
高考真题在线(介词)
1.(语法填空)Modern methods________ tracking polar bear population have been employed only since the mid-19890s,and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
2.(语法填空)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ________ dogs,ven to be exact.
3.(语法填空) But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer______this question is not clear.
4.(单句改错)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years,and he agreed.
5.(单句改错) Still I was unwilling to play the game for them sometimes.
