Opportunistic parasite: some parasite being suppressive in a host become active and predominant when the natural defen of the host is compromid.
苞米地里的春情
机会感染寄生虫：一些寄生虫当宿主免疫功能正常时不致病，当宿主免疫功能低下时致病。
Final or definitive host: the host in which xual reproduction of parasites occurs or the host parasitized by adult worm is called final host.
终宿主：指寄生虫成虫或有性生殖阶段所寄生的宿主。
Intermediate host: the species in which larval stage of parasites develop or axual reproduction of parasite occurs is called intermediate host.
巅峰官路
中间宿主：指寄生虫幼虫或无性生殖阶段所寄生的宿主。
Rervoir host: some parasites can parasite in not only human but also other vertebrate, on some condition the parasites
may be transited to human from the animals, the animals will be called rervoir host.
心动的近义词
保虫宿主：有些寄生虫既可以寄生于人也可以寄生于脊椎动物，在一定条件下脊椎动物内的寄生虫可以传给人，在流行病学上这些动物为保虫宿主或储存宿主。
Paratenic host: when some larvae invade into an unsuitable host, they can`t grow but survive, if the host is eaten by final host, the larvae finally became adult. This unsuitable host is called paratenic host.
转续宿主：有些寄生虫的幼虫侵入非正常的宿主，不能继续发育，可以长期处于幼虫状态，当有机会进入正常宿主体内时，才可发育为成虫，这种费正常宿主称为转续宿主。
Biohelminthiasis: it`s an indirect life cycle, two or more hosts is required to complete the life cycle.
生物源性蠕虫：其生活史发育过程中，必须在中间宿主体内发育到感染期后，才能感染人体。
Geohelminthes: it`s a direct life cycle, only one host is required.
土源性蠕虫：其生活史发育不需要中间宿主，虫卵或幼虫直接在外界发育为感染期，通过被污染的食物，接触土壤而感染人体。
Larva migrans: in the paratenic or transport host, some helminthic larvae can`t grow but survive, they migrate in the host and cau clinic symptom and dias.
幼虫移行症：指一些蠕虫幼虫侵入非正常宿主人后，不能发育为成虫，但是这幼虫可以在人体内长期存活并移行，引起局部或全身性病变。热的综合
Nocturnal periodicity: the filarial stay in the lung during daytime and rarely out to the peripheral vesls, but at night, they begin to appear in the peripheral vesls and reach in the greatest density.
夜现周期性：微丝蚴白天滞留在肺血管内，夜间出现在外周血液中。这种微丝蚴在外周血液中夜多昼少得现象，称为微丝蚴夜现周期性。
Premonition: An acquired immunity, after parasite infect, which will be produced, restrict the number and the development of parasites in the body, and may produce resistance in 压力就是动力
some degree to hyperinfection, and exists as long as the parasites remain in the host, is called premonition.
带虫免疫：一种适应性免疫，某些血液内的寄生虫诱导的特异性免疫应答，使体内寄生虫增殖减慢，虫体数量降低维持在低密度水平，导致临床痊愈，对再感染也具有一定的抵抗力，但宿主体内的寄生虫未被完全清除。这种免疫力取决于寄生虫的存在。
Concomitant immunity: it`s a specific acquired immunity, which is induced by live adult worms and acts on the invading larvae and then resists superinfection but is not effective on the adult worms in the host.
伴随免疫：一种适应性免疫。某些蠕虫感染人体后，体内的活成虫使宿主产生获得性免疫力，对再感染时入侵的幼虫有一定抵抗力，但这种免疫力对体内的成虫无影响，因此成虫可以继续存活，这种活动性感染和免疫力并存的现象即成为伴随免疫。
Recrudescence: the increa in numbers of parasites results from a residual population persisting at a very low levels in the blood after inadequate or incomplete treatment of the initial infection.
再燃：急性疟疾患者发作停止后，如无重复感染，而体内残存少量红细胞内期原虫经抗原变异，或宿主的抵抗力对疟原虫的特异性免疫力下降，残存的红细胞内期原虫又重新大量增殖，引起疟疾的发作称为再燃。
Relap: hypnozoites are activated and invade into the exoerythrocytic and erythrocytic cycles. In clinic, 女教师二十三岁malaria reoccur.
复发：疟疾初发停止后，红细胞内期原虫已经消灭，而宿主也未再被蚊媒传播感染，由原先侵入肝细胞内迟发型子孢子，经过数月或年余的休眠后复苏，发育释放的裂殖子在进入红细胞繁殖，这时引起的疟疾的发作称为复发。消防员的作文
Hydatid sand
: the protoscoleces, brood capsules and small daughter cysts suspending in the fluid of cyst are called hydatid sand.
棘球蚴砂：或称囊砂，是游离于囊液中的原头蚴，生发囊，小的子囊。手术时取囊内棘球蚴砂镜检作为确诊的依据。
Human cysticercosis: the larval stage of T.solium parasitize in human organs.
人体囊虫症：猪带绦虫幼虫寄生于人体所患疾病。
Holometamorphosis: egg – larva – pupa – adult
完全变态：昆虫在发育过程中，卵期之后有幼虫，蛹，成虫三个时期。各时期的形态结构，生理及生活习性等方面都有明显不同。
Hemimetabolism：egg – larva –nymph – adult
不完全变态：昆虫在发育过程中，经历卵，若虫，成虫三期，没有蛹期，若虫与成虫在形态特征和生活习性等方面相似。
