英国文学知识点总结
一、 中古世纪时期和文艺复兴时期
1. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by ______. (2006)
A. William Langland B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. William Shakespeare D. Alfred Tennyson
猫睡觉抽搐2. ______ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condend into fourteen lines. (2006)
A. Free ver B. sonnet C. ode D. epigram
重要文学术语一句话定义：
Ballad 民谣：Ballad is a story in poetic form to be sung or recited. It was handed down from generation to generation. 代表作：许昌旅游景点推荐Robin Hood
Epic 史诗：Epic, in poetry, refers to a long work dealing with the actions of gods and heroes. 代表作：Beowulf
Renaissance 文艺复兴：It meant the reintroduction into Western Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome.
Humanism 人文主义：Humanism is the esnce of the Renaissance.
Spenrian stanza 斯宾塞诗节：it refers to a stanza of nine lines, with the first eight lines in iambic pentameter, the last line in iambic pentameter, rhyming ababbcbcc. 代表作： the Faerie Queene
Sonnet 十四行诗: A sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter. 代表人物：William Shakespeare
重要人物和其代表作的一句话评价：
Geoffrey Chaucer 乔叟：He is regarded as the father of modern English poetry. 英国诗歌之父
代表作：Canterbury Tales: A collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims.
Philip Sidney 菲利普 锡尼：He stands for the spirit of the Elizabeth age. 伊莉莎白时代精神的代表
代表作：Defen of Poetry, Arcadia.
Edmund Spenr 斯宾塞： the poets’ poet. He created Spenr Stanza. 诗人中的诗人，斯宾塞诗节的创作者。
代表作：The Faerie Queene. The shepherd Calendar.
Thomas More 托马斯 莫尔： 代表作 Utopia
Christopher Marlowe莴笋炒肉的做法：he is the most gifted of University Wits. 大学才子派代表人物。
代表作：Tamburlaine. Dr. Faustus. The Jew of Malta.
William Shakespeare 莎士比亚： He is the greatest of all the Elizabethan dramatists.
全职高手第5集
代表作：Sonnet 18. Romeo and Juliet. “四悲四喜”麦克白、李尔王、奥赛罗、哈姆雷特；威尼斯商人、第十二夜、仲夏夜之梦、皆大欢喜（As You Like It）
Francis Bacon 培根：伟大的“哲科散”；He lays the foundation for modern science; He is best known for his essays.
代表作：各种“论”。论读书 of studies, 论学问的进步 The Advancement of Learning, 论说文集 essays
二、 启蒙主义时期（包括王朝复辟）
In literature a story in ver or pro with a double meaning is defined as ______. (2010)
A. Allegory B. sonnet C. blank ver D. rhyme
重要文学术语一句话定义：
The Graveyard School 墓地派诗歌：The graveyard school refers to a school of poets of the 18th century who poems are mostly devoted to a ntimental lamentation or medita
tion on life, past and prent, with death and graveyard as themes. 代表人物：Thomas Gray, Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard.
The Heroic Couplet 英雄双对偶：The Heroic Couplet means a pair of lines of a type once common in English poetry, in other word, it means iambic pentameter rhymed in two lines.
Farce 闹剧：Farce refers to a play full of ridiculous happenings, absurd actions, and unreal situations, meant to be very funny.
重要人物和其代表作的一句话评价
峨眉山月王朝复辟时期1660-1688 记住四个John
John Dryden, father of English criticism
John Bunyan, a religious novelist, 代表作 The Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程（religious allegory 宗教寓言）
John Donne, a religious poet, 代表作 The Flea, A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning, Death, Be Not Proud, The Songs and Sonnets
John Milton, 混凝土单价三部史诗 epics，Paradi Lost, Paradi Regained, Samson Agonistes
工业革命时期
Thomas Gray: He was the leading figure of the Graveyard School. 有惊无险的图片代表作: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
Oliver Goldsmith: He is the reprentative of the English ntimentalist school 伤感主义文学派 代表作：The Derted Village, The vicar of Wakefield 维克菲尔德的牧师
18世纪的小说主要有三种
Picaresque form 流浪汉式小说：Daniel Defoe的Robinson Crusoe； Jonathan Swift 的Gulliver’s Travels
Epistolary form 书信体小说：Samuel Rechardson 的Pamela, Clarissa
老豆腐炖白菜“third-person narration” 加入第三人称叙述的：Henry Fielding的 The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling 弃婴汤姆琼斯的故事
其他作家作品：
Alexander Pope: He is a reprentative of the Enlightment and the greatest poet of the Neoclassical period. It was he who first introduce rationalism to England. 代表作：An Essay on Criticism 论批评；The Rape of the Lock 夺发记
Samuel Jonson: 一封信一部字典
R.B.Sheridan: He is the only important English dramatist of the eighteenth century. 代表作：The School for Scandal 造谣学校； The Rivals 情敌
三、 浪漫主义时期的英国文学（1798-1832）
重要文学术语一句话定义：
Lyric 抒情诗：Lyric is a short poem wherein the poet express an emotion or illustrates
some life principle. 代表：Robert Burns的 A Red Red Ro
